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Concept explainers
A 180.0-mg sample of an alloy of iron and metal X is treated with dilute sulfuric acid, liberating hydrogen and yielding Fe2+ and X3+ ions in solution. It is known that the alloy contains 20.0 percent iron by mass. The alloy yields 50.9 mL of hydrogen collected over water at 22°C and a total pressure of 750.0 torr. What is element X?
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Interpretation:
The element X should be identified.
Concept introduction:
Ideal gas is the most usually used form of the ideal gas equation, which describes the relationship among the four variables P, V, n, and T. An ideal gas is a hypothetical sample of gas whose pressure-volume-temperature behavior is predicted accurately by the ideal gas equation.
Use the ideal gas equation,
Answer to Problem 11.110QP
The element with a molar mass of
Explanation of Solution
To calculate the total pressure of water and the pressure of Hydrogen in atm.
The partial pressure of water at
Solving for
Converting to atm
Given that
The total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual components in the mixture, in this case hydrogen and water.
The Hydrogen pressure was calculated, the pressure of water is subtracts from total pressure then we get the Hydrogen pressure is
The pressures in atm are calculated by plugging in the values of the given 1 torr and 1 Pa. The pressures in atm was found to be
To calculate the number of moles
The moles of
To calculate the number of moles
The moles of
Iron yields
Next, determine the amount of
The remaining moles of
Metal X yields
The balanced equation is:
Finally, using the mole ratio between X and H2, determine the number of moles of X needed to produce
Since there are 0.144 0g of metal X, the molar mass is:
The element with a molar mass of
The element X was identified.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
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