Chapter 10.1, Problem 16P

For Problems 9-17 assume that the distribution of differences d is mound-shaped and symmetric.

Please provide the following information for Problems 9-17.

(a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?

(b) Check Requirements What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? Compute the value of the sample test statistic and corresponding t value.

(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value.

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level $\alpha$?

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

In these problems, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal.

Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more ‘‘conservative” answer.

Archaeology: Slone Tools The following is based on information taken from Bandelier Archaeological Excavation Project: Summer 1990 Excavations at Burnt Mesa Pueblo and Casa del Rito, edited by T. A. Kohler (Washington State University, Department of Anthropology). The artifact frequency for an excavation of a kiva in Bandelier National Monument gave the following information.

Stratum	Flaked Stone Tools	Nonflaked Stone Tools
1	7	3
2	3	2
3	10	1
4	1	3
5	4	7
6	38	32
7	51	30
8	25	12

Does this information indicate that there tend to be more flaked stone tools than nonflaked stone tools at this excavation site? Use a 5% level of significance.