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Review. Consider a tall building located on the Earth’s equator. As the Earth rotates, a person on the top floor of the building moves faster than someone on the ground with respect to an inertial reference frame because the person on the ground is closer to the Earth’s axis. Consequently, if an object is dropped from the top floor to the ground a distance h below, it lands east of the point vertically below where it was dropped. (a) How far to the east will the object land? Express sour answer in terms of h, g, and the angular speed ω of the Earth. Ignore air resistance and assume the free-fall acceleration is constant over this range of heights. (b) Evaluate the eastward displacement for h = 50.0 m. (c) In your judgment, were we justified in ignoring this aspect of the Coriolis effect in our previous study of free fall? (d) Suppose the angular speed of the Earth were to decrease with constant
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
- Olympus Mons on Mars is the largest volcano in the solar system, at a height of 25 km and with a radius of 312 km. If you are standing on the summit, with what Initial velocity would you have to fire a projectile from a cannon horizontally to clear the volcano and land on the surface of Mars? Note that Mars has an acceleration of gravity of 3.7m/s2 .arrow_forwardWhich of the following is impossible for a car moving in a circular path? Assume that the car is never at rest. (a) The car has tangential acceleration but no centripetal acceleration. (b) The car has centripetal acceleration but no tangential acceleration. (c) The car has both centripetal acceleration and tangential acceleration.arrow_forwardWhy is the following situation impassible? A normally proportioned adult walks briskly along a straight line in the +x direction, standing straight up and holding his right arm vertical and next to his body so that the arm does not swing. His right hand holds a ball at his side a distance h above the floor. When the ball passes above a point marked as x = 0 on the horizontal floor, he opens his fingers to release the ball from rest relative to his hand. The ball strikes the ground for the first time at position x = 7.00h.arrow_forward
- A car initially traveling eastward turns north by traveling in a circular path at uniform speed as in the figure below. The length of the arc ABC is 236 m, and the car completes the turn in 35.0 s. 35.0° В (a) What is the acceleration when the car is at B located at an angle of 35.0°? Express your answer in terms of the unit vectors î and î m/s? î + m/s? j (b) Determine the car's average speed. m/s (c) Determine its average acceleratiorr during the 35.0-s interval. m/s² î m/s² î +arrow_forwardAn astronaut is rotated in a horizontal centrifuge at a radius of 5.0 m. (a) What is the astronaut’s speed if the centripetal acceleration has a magnitude of 7.0g? (b) How many revolutions per minute are required to produce this acceleration? (c) What is the period of the motion?arrow_forwardWhen a large star becomes a supernova, its core may be compressed so tightly that it becomes a neutron star, with a radius of about 20 km (about the size of the San Francisco area). If a neutron star rotates once every second, (a) what is the speed of a particle on the star’s equator and (b) what is the magnitude of the particle’s centripetal acceleration? (c) If the neutron star rotates faster, do the answers to (a) and (b) increase, decrease, or remain the same?arrow_forward
- The radius of the earth’s orbit around the sun (assumed circular) is 1.50 x 108 km and the earth travels around this orbit in 365 days. (a) What is the magnitude of the orbital velocity of the earth in m/s? (b) What is the radial acceleration of the earth toward the sun in m/s2?arrow_forwardDuring a portion of a vertical loop, an airplane flies in an arc of radius p = 581 m with a constant speed v = 372 km/h. When the airplane is at A, the angle made by v with the horizontal is B = 31°, and rada tracking gives r = 721 m and 8 = 36°. Calculate v,, ve, a,, and O for this instant. Answers: Im/s ve = Im/s Im/s? a, = rad/s?arrow_forwardAn Earth satellite moves in a circular orbit 878 km above Earth's surface with a period of 102.3 min. What are (a) the speed and (b) the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the satellite?arrow_forward
- A particle travels in a circular orbit of radius r = 127.9 meters. Where it's speed is changing at a rate of at=11.8 at an instant when it's speed is at v = 33.6 m/s. What is the expression for the magnitude a of the total acceleration of the particle in terms of the variables from the problem statement? a = ?arrow_forward(a) Using the average distance of Venus from the Sun and the orbital period of Venus, find the centripetal acceleration (in m/s) of Venus in its motion about the Sun. (Assume the orbit is circular. Enter the magnitude.) m/s? (b) Compare this value to the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration at the equator due to Venus's rotation. dc, Venus about Sun a dc, equatorarrow_forwardAn inventor wants to launch small satellites into orbit by launching them straight up from the surface of the earth, at very high speeds. a) With what speed should he launch the satellite if it is to have a speed of 500 m/s at a height of 400 km? Ignore air resistance. b) By what percentage would your answer be in error if you used a flat earth approximation? y2 400 km r R, + y2 Vy= 500 ta/s After: y =0 km = R. Before: Re Eartharrow_forward
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