EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135161760
Author: Voit
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 10, Problem 63EAP
The Cooling Clouds of Venus. Table 10.2 shows that Venus’s temperature in the absence of the greenhouse effect is lower than Earth’s, even though Venus is closer to the Sun. What would Venus’s “no greenhouse” temperature be if its clouds were more transparent, giving a reflectivity the same as Earth’s? What would the actual surface temperature be in this case if the greenhouse effect increased the surface temperature by the same number of degrees that it does today?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 -
Briefly describe the basic atmospheric...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 10 - What is the greenhouse effect? Describe how it...Ch. 10 - What factors determine a world’s “no greenhouse”...
Ch. 10 - Describe Earth’s basic atmospheric structure, from...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 10 - Why does convection occur in the troposphere,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 10 - What is a magnetosphere? Describe its role in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 10 - Describe four ways in which Earth’s atmosphere is...Ch. 10 - What is the carbon dioxide cycle, and why is it so...Ch. 10 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 10 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 10 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 10 - Atmospheric Structure. Study Earth’s average...Ch. 10 - Magic Mercury. Suppose we could magically give...Ch. 10 - A Swiftly Rotating Venus. Suppose Venus rotated as...Ch. 10 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 10 - Two Paths Diverged. Briefly explain how the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 10 - Feedback Processes in the Atmosphere. As the Sun...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 10 - The Mass of an Atmosphere. What is the total mass...Ch. 10 - The Role of Reflectivity. By assuming 0% and 100%...Ch. 10 - The Cooling Clouds of Venus. Table 10.2 shows that...Ch. 10 - Mars’s Elliptical Orbit. Mars’s distance from the...Ch. 10 - Escape from Venus. Calculate the escape velocity...
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