Foundations of Astronomy
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079151
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 2P
To determine
The wavelength at which maximum intensity is emitted at
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A) A typical dust grain has a radius of about 0.1 micrometers and a mass of 10-14 grams. Roughly how many dust particles are in a cloud containing 1000 Msun of dusty gas if 1% of the cloud's mass is in the form of dust grains?
B) What surface area would be covered by these grains if you put them side by side? Assume these grains are spherical. Answer in square light-years.
C) Estimate the total surface area covered by the cloud assuming it's matter density is like that of a typical molecular cloud, about 10-21 g/cm3 (Hint: first calculate the clouds volume from it's mass and density, then determine its radius using the formula for volume of a sphere) Answer in square light-years.
D) Comparing all above answers, What are the chances (very roughly) that a photon passing through the cloud will hit a dust grain?
If the hottest star in the Carina Nebula has a surface temperature of 51,000 K, at what wavelength (in nm) does it radiate the most energy?
Hint: Use Wien's law:
?max =
2.90 ✕ 106 nm · K
T
How does that compare with 91.2 nm, the wavelength of photons with just enough energy to ionize hydrogen?
-The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
-The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen.
What factors resist the contraction of a cloud of interstellar matter?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1RQCh. 10 - Prob. 2RQCh. 10 - Prob. 3RQCh. 10 - I am a cloud containing lots of dust, and I appear...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5RQCh. 10 - Prob. 6RQCh. 10 - Prob. 7RQCh. 10 - Prob. 8RQCh. 10 - Prob. 9RQCh. 10 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11RQCh. 10 - Prob. 12RQCh. 10 - Prob. 13RQCh. 10 - Prob. 14RQCh. 10 - Why is the ISM transparent at near-infrared and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 16RQCh. 10 - Prob. 17RQCh. 10 - Prob. 18RQCh. 10 - Prob. 19RQCh. 10 - Prob. 20RQCh. 10 - Prob. 21RQCh. 10 - Prob. 22RQCh. 10 - Name two processes (or objects) that remove...Ch. 10 - Prob. 24RQCh. 10 - Prob. 25RQCh. 10 - Prob. 26RQCh. 10 - Prob. 1DQCh. 10 - Prob. 2DQCh. 10 - Prob. 3DQCh. 10 - Prob. 4DQCh. 10 - Prob. 5DQCh. 10 - Prob. 6DQCh. 10 - Prob. 1PCh. 10 - Prob. 2PCh. 10 - Prob. 3PCh. 10 - Prob. 4PCh. 10 - Prob. 5PCh. 10 - The number density of air in a childs balloon is...Ch. 10 - Calculate the frequency in megahertz (MHz) of the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 8PCh. 10 - Prob. 9PCh. 10 - Prob. 10PCh. 10 - Prob. 11PCh. 10 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 10 - Prob. 5LTL
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- The dust in a molecular cloud has a temperature of about 34 K. At what wavelength (in nm) does it emit the maximum intensity?arrow_forwardWhat temperature would interstellar dust have to have to radiate most strongly at 100 micro meter?arrow_forwardIf our Sun were surrounded by a cloud of gas, would this cloud be an emission nebula? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- The Stefan-Boltzmann equation can be used to estimate the size of asteroids. "Sigma," the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, is 5.67 x 10 Watts/m²K. If you want to abbreviate Plus 1.1415 You measure the infrared emission from an asteroid and conclude that it has a temperature of 249 K. Using rader you find the distance, and are then able to use your infrared brightness to determine a luminosity of 7.21E+12 Watts. If you assume the asteroid is roughly spherical, what is its radius in meters? CHECK ANSWERarrow_forward12.1 In a certain part of the North American Nebula, the amount of interstellar extinction in the visual wavelength band is 1.1 magnitudes. The thickness of the nebula is estimated to be 20 pc, and it is located 700 pc from Earth. Suppose that a B spectral class main-sequence star is observed in the direction of the nebula and that the absolute visual magnitude of the star is known to be My = -1.1 from spectroscopic data. Neglect any other sources of extinction between the observer and the nebula. (a) Find the apparent visual magnitude of the star if it is lying just in front of the nebula. (b) Find the apparent visual magnitude of the star if it is lying just behind the nebula. Problems 443 (c) Without taking the existence of the nebula into consideration, based on its apparent mag- nitude, how far away does the star in part (b) appear to be? What would be the percentage error in determining the distance if interstellar extinction were neglected?arrow_forwardWhat evidence can you cite that the interstellar medium contains both gas and dust? (Select all that apply.) (1)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected from the emission lines of elements heavier than iron. (2)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected by the extinction of light from distant stars. (3)The dust of the interstellar medium can be detected by the scattering of blue light from distant or embedded objects. (4)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the radiation of ultraviolet photons. (5)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the radiation of photons of wavelength 21 cm. (6)The gas of the interstellar medium can be detected from the absorption lines present in the light from distant stars, which must be caused by a medium of a density and temperature other than that of the stars emitting the light.arrow_forward
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