Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 10, Problem 2LTB
Summary Introduction
To write:
The amino acid sequence produced from the mRNA
Introduction:
The mRNA consists of many bases. A collection of three bases that has the capability to code for a particular amino acid is called codon. Codons are present in the mRNA. These codons attach with the anticodon part of tRNA to synthesize amino acid. The anticodon part of tRNA is complementary to the codon part of mRNA. As a result, these two join together and undergo a process called translation to produce amino acids.
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The following RNA sequence represents a small messenger which can be translated in a prokaryotic cell:
5'-ACGAAUGCACAGUAAAACUGGCUAGCGUAGGCUGA-3
Assume that the messenger RNA is translated in the cell, using the correct machinery and signals
required for accurate protein synthesis. Using this RNA sequence and the Genetic Code Dictionary (see
your textbook for the dictionary), solve the following problems
A. Write the sequence of a protein that would be translated from this mRNA, using the appropriate stop and start
signals, and indicating the correct termini of the protein product.
B. Suppose that the underlined A in the sequence is changed to a U. Write the expected protein product of this
mRNA.
The genetic code consists of a series of three-base wordsthat each code for a given amino acid.(a) Using the selections from the genetic code shown below, de-termine the amino acid sequence coded by the following seg-ment of RNA: UCCACAGCCUAUAUGGCAAACUUGAAG AUG= methionine ;CCU= proline; CAU= histidine ;UGG= tryptophan AAG= lysine ; UAU= tyrosine ;GCC= alanine ;UUG= leucine ;CGG= arginine ;UGU= cysteine ;AAC =asparagine ;ACA=threonine ;UCC= serine ;GCA=alanine ;UCA=serine(b) What is the complementary DNA sequence from which this RNA sequence was made? (c) If you were sequencing the DNA fragment in part (b), how many complementary chain pieces would you obtain in the tube containing ddATP?
Using the codon given for each amino acid (Find the table yourself) write the base sequence of mRNA that would translate the synthesis of the following pentapeptide:Arg · Ile · Cys · Tyr · Val
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
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- Given the genetic code below, enter the correct amino acid sequence for the following RNA sequence: AUG GAG UCC UUG CUG UGA (enter the amino acids as the 3 letter abbreviation on the table separated by dashes with no spaces e.g. Met-Thr-Lys-Glu-Ser) Alanine (Ala) AGUC Tyrosine (Tyr) Valine (Val) GU Cysteine (Cys) START HERE G Arginine (Arg) G Tryptophan (Trp) A C CUGA Serine (Ser) Leucine (Leu) Lysine (Lys) Proline (Pro) Asparagine (Asn) 0406 ACUGACUOROE (na) auone (aug) Giycine (Gly) Serine (Ser) Phenylalanine Glutamic acid (Glu) Aspartic acid (Asp) Histidine (His) Glutamine (Gin) Arginine (Arg) Isoleucine (lle) Methionine (Met) o Threonine (Thr)arrow_forwardTAC/ACC/GAC/GAA/AAT/TGT/TAC/CGT/TCA/AAC asap pleasearrow_forwardUsing the codon given for each amino acid (Find the table yourself) write the base sequence of mRNA that would translate the synthesis of the following pentapeptide:Arg · Ile · Cys · Tyr · Vaarrow_forward
- Translate the following mRNA nucleotide sequence into an amino acid sequence, starting at the second base: 5’ - UGUCAUGCUCGUCUUGAAUCUUGUGAUGCUCGUUGGAUUAAUUGU - 3’arrow_forwardFor the following DNA bases, give the complementary mRNA code that would be transcribed from these bases: AGCTAATCGGCTACCAGGTACGGATATTCCarrow_forwardSuppose the codon sequence GUGCAAUUCGAGGCC has a single base pair mutation to GUGCAAUUCAAGGCC. If the old protein sequence was Val-Gln-Phe-Glu-Ala, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene? ____________________________.arrow_forward
- Dystrophin is mutated in the disease, causing a codon to change from GGA to UGA. What is the consequence of this change? (arrow_forwardWhat is the peptide encoded by this mRNA sequence 5’-UCU-GCA- AAU-UAA -GUU-3’?arrow_forwardWhat is the peptide encoded by this mRNA sequence 5’-UCG-GCA- AAU-UUA -GUU-3’?arrow_forward
- In the following table, below each DNA nucleotide, type in the complementary mRNA nucleotides. Note, the answer blanks for mRNA may appear vertically on some displays. In this case, enter the bases from top to bottom. Then, for each set of three DNA and complementary mRNA nucleotides, use the amino acid chart to translate the nucleotides into amino acids, and type them below. Enter the full, unabbreviated name of the amino acid in the blank provided. In the case of a stop codon, enter "Stop"arrow_forwardThe genetic disorder sickle-cell anemia occurs when the amino acid valine takes the place of glutamate during translation of a hemoglobin chain. Using the table of codons below, determine the mutation in DNA that produces this disorder. 1st position ✓ U C A G Select one: U C serine phenylalanine phenylalanine serine leucine serine leucine serine leucine leucine leucine leucine isoleucine isoleucine isoleucine methionine Table of mRNA Codons 2nd position valine valine valine valine proline proline proline proline alanine alaninc alanine alanine A tyrosine tyrosine a. CUC changes to C AG b. GAA changes to GUU c. CTT changes to CAT d. C A G changes to CTC stop stop threonine asparagine threonine asparagine threonine threonine histidine histidine arginine arginine glutamine arginine glutamine arginine lysine lysine G cysteine cysteine stop tryptophan aspartate aspartate glutamate glutamate serine serine arginine arginine glycine glycine glycine glycine 3rd position DCMO U С A G U C A G…arrow_forwardConsider a stretch of DNA (a hypothetical gene) that has the sequence 5’ ATG-CTA-TCA-TGG-TTC-TAA 3’ A) Transcribe and translate this gene using the genetic code table. Be sure to label the mRNA 3’ and 5’ ends. Write the amino acid sequence using 1 letter abbreviations. B) Now, our hypothetical gene has undergone a mutation. The mutant sequence is....3’ TAC-GAT-AGT-ACC-AAT-ATT 5’5’ ATG-CTA-TCA-TGG-TTA-TAA 3’ Transcribe and translate the mutant sequence. Be sure to label the mRNA 3’ and 5’ ends. Write the amino acid sequence using 1 letter abbreviations. C) Indicate the type of mutation (nonsense, missense, silent, or frame shift) present. D) How severe of a consequence will this mutation likely be in terms of protein function (none, mild, moderate or severe)? Why?arrow_forward
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