Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 10RQ
According to the sliding filament model, binding sites on actin open when ________.
- creatine phosphate levels rise
- ATP levels rise
- acetylcholine levels rise
- calcium ion levels rise
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This is an image of skeletal muscle tissue. Identify the structure labeled "A"
(a)
(b)
myosin
fascicle
actin
sarcomere
B
A
The concentration of Ca++ in the cytoplasm of
the muscle fiber is
[ Select ]
than that of
the extracellular fluid. On the other hand, the
sarcoplasmic reticulum has a
[ Select ]
concentration
of Ca++ than the cytoplasm.
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higher
lower
Light less dense area of sarcomere that contains reminder of thin filaments but no thick filaments is
called
Chapter 10 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 10 - Watch this video...Ch. 10 - Every skeletal muscle fiber is supplied by a motor...Ch. 10 - The release of calcium ions initiates muscle...Ch. 10 - Muscle that has a striped appearance is described...Ch. 10 - Which element is important in directly Triggering...Ch. 10 - Which of the following properties is not common to...Ch. 10 - The correct order for the smallest to the largest...Ch. 10 - Depolarization of the sarcolemma means ________....Ch. 10 - In relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on...Ch. 10 - According to the sliding filament model, binding...
Ch. 10 - The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called...Ch. 10 - Muscle relaxation occurs when ________. calcium...Ch. 10 - During muscle contraction, the cross-bridge...Ch. 10 - Thin and thick filaments are organized into...Ch. 10 - During which phase of a twitch in a muscle fiber...Ch. 10 - Muscle fatigue is caused by ________. buildup of...Ch. 10 - A sprinter would experience muscle fatigue sooner...Ch. 10 - What aspect of creatine phosphate allows it to...Ch. 10 - Dmg X blocks ATP regeneration from ADP and...Ch. 10 - The muscles of a professional sprinter are most...Ch. 10 - The muscles of a professional marathon runner are...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements is true? Fast...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements is false? Slow...Ch. 10 - Cardiac muscles differ from skeletal muscles in...Ch. 10 - If cardiac muscle cells were prevented from...Ch. 10 - Smooth muscles differ from skeletal and cardiac...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements describes smooth...Ch. 10 - From which embryonic cell type does muscle tissue...Ch. 10 - Which cell type helps to repair injured muscle...Ch. 10 - Why is elasticity an important quality of muscle...Ch. 10 - What would happen to skeletal muscle if the...Ch. 10 - Describe how tendons facilitate body movement.Ch. 10 - What are the five primary functions of skeletal...Ch. 10 - What are the opposite roles of voltage-gated...Ch. 10 - How would muscle contractions be affected if...Ch. 10 - What causes the striated appearance of skeletal...Ch. 10 - How would muscle contractions be affected if ATP...Ch. 10 - Why does a motor unit of the eye have few muscle...Ch. 10 - What factors contribute to the amount of tension...Ch. 10 - Why do muscle cells use creatine phosphate instead...Ch. 10 - Is aerobic respiration more or less efficient than...Ch. 10 - What changes occur at the cellular level in...Ch. 10 - What changes occur at the cellular level in...Ch. 10 - What would be the drawback of cardiac contractions...Ch. 10 - How are cardiac muscle cells similar to and...Ch. 10 - Why can smooth muscles conn act over a wider range...Ch. 10 - Describe the differences between single-unit...Ch. 10 - Why is muscle that has sustained significant...Ch. 10 - Which muscle type(s) (skeletal, smooth, or...
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- Identify the structures within this sarcomere. A band M line Z line Myosin H zone I band Actin H |||arrow_forwardWhat would be the consequence for actin filament assembly/disassembly if a mutation prevented actin’s ability to bind ATP? What would be the consequence if a mutation prevented actin’s ability to hydrolyze ATP?arrow_forwardAt what point during excitation contraction coupling does exocytosis play a role? Group of answer choices during acetylcholine release from the synaptic terminal during calcium ion reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum when sodium channels open up on the motor end plate when ATP splits into ADP and P on the free myosin head when the action potential surges through the T-tubulesarrow_forward
- Actin is sometimes called the "thick" filament. It splits ATP and is responsible for the "power stroke" during muscle contraction. True Falsearrow_forwardShortly after a person dies, Calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the body becomes very stiff and rigid, a phenomenon called rigor mortis (stiffness + death). Given ATP’s role in myosin head movement, propose an explanation for rigor mortis.arrow_forwardIf a muscle cell’s sarcoplasmic reticulum had little to no Ca2+, could the muscle cell still produce an electrical impulse, and would the muscle cell still contract? Explain.arrow_forward
- Action potential enters from adjacent cell. Ca2+ 2 K* 3 Na+ Ca2+ ECF ATP NCX ICF 3 Na+ RyR Ca2+ Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) SR L-type Ca2+ Ca2+ channel Ca2+ stores ATP T-tubule Ca2+ sparks Ca2+ signal Ca2+ Ca2+ Actin eereee 33335 Myosin Contraction Relaxation Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 1. Explain what is going on in steps 1-6. 2. Explain what transport proteins are involved is getting Ca2+ out of the cytosol. 3) Purple foxglove is a plant containing chemicals that slow the activity of the Ca2+-Na+ antiport. What will ingestion of purple foxglove increase or decrease levels of Na+ in the ICF?arrow_forwardThis thick filament motor protein composed of 6 polypeptide chains uses ATP hydrolysis to interact creating a powerstroke for skeletal muscle contractions. A Myosin B Actin C Titin D Tropomyosinarrow_forwardThe electrochemical gradient of a muscle cell at rest or its resting membrane potential is slightly negative inside the plasma membrane and slightly positive just outside the plasma membrane and has an ionic gradient of more potassium ions inside the cell and more sodium ions outside the cell. Therefore, a muscle cell at rest is said to be __________________ and has membrane potential. about to exocytose synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine polarized experiencing an action potential about to allow an influx of potassium ions into the cell depolarizedarrow_forward
- A skeletal muscle can often maintain a moderate level of active tension for long periods of time, even though many of its fibers become fatigued Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following proteins connects the actin filaments to the Z-band in the sarcomere? CapZ Titin Profilin Nebulin O Tropomodulin < Previousarrow_forwardImpairment of intracellular calcium homeostasis in muscle fibers lead to chronic, severe muscle dysfunction. Impaired Calcium ATPase activity can lead to abnormal, persistent elevation of intracellular calcium concentrations. Explain how persistently high intracellular calcium concentration would affect cross-bridge formation, and muscle contractions, and muscle tension? (Mention the effects on the steps involved cross bridge formation, and muscle contraction/relaxation cycle, and overall muscle tension).arrow_forward
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