Which ketone will undergo chlorination faster under basic conditions is to be determined. Concept introduction: Halogenation does not stop after a single substitution because the ketone product after the first halogenation is more acidic at the α carbon than the original ketone was. This greater acidity is due to the increased stability of the halogenated ketone’s enolate anion, which, in turn, is a result of the halogen atom’s ability to withdraw electron density from the negative charge. Therefore, the second enolate is formed more easily than the first, and so the second halogenation is faster than the first halogenation.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 10, Problem 10.8YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Which ketone will undergo chlorination faster under basic conditions is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation does not stop after a single substitution because the ketone product after the first halogenation is more acidic at the α carbon than the original ketone was. This greater acidity is due to the increased stability of the halogenated ketone’s enolate anion, which, in turn, is a result of the halogen atom’s ability to withdraw electron density from the negative charge. Therefore, the second enolate is formed more easily than the first, and so the second halogenation is faster than the first halogenation.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 10, Problem 10.8YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Which ketone will undergo chlorination faster under basic conditions is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation does not stop after a single substitution because the ketone product after the first halogenation is more acidic at the α carbon than the original ketone was. This greater acidity is due to the increased stability of the halogenated ketone’s enolate anion, which, in turn, is a result of the halogen atom’s ability to withdraw electron density from the negative charge. Therefore, the second enolate is formed more easily than the first, and so the second halogenation is faster than the first halogenation.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 10, Problem 10.8YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Which ketone will undergo chlorination faster under basic conditions is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation does not stop after a single substitution because the ketone product after the first halogenation is more acidic at the α carbon than the original ketone was. This greater acidity is due to the increased stability of the halogenated ketone’s enolate anion, which, in turn, is a result of the halogen atom’s ability to withdraw electron density from the negative charge. Therefore, the second enolate is formed more easily than the first, and so the second halogenation is faster than the first halogenation.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 10, Problem 10.8YT

Interpretation Introduction