(a) Interpretation: The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it. Concept introduction: Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H 2 N - ( NaNH 2 ) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 0.035 atm ✓ G 00. 18 Ar

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.28P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted, and the complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for it.

Concept introduction:

Terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes (1, 1-dihaloalkanes or 1, 2-dihaloalkanes) by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reaction. Three equivalents of the strong base H2N- (NaNH2) are used to convert the dihalides into a terminal alkyne. The first two equivalents bring about two separate E2 reactions removing an acidic hydrogen and a halogen atom each time. The third equivalent of the base deprotonates the acidic proton on the newly formed terminal alkyne. Acid workup is necessary whenever the reaction conditions are strongly basic. Acid workup replaces that proton.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how terminal alkynes can be prepared from dihaloalkanes by treating them with a strong base via back to back E2 reactions.

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Chapter 10 Solutions