(a) Interpretation: The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250 ∘ C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined. Concept Introduction: A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase. A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other. Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as: Phase at% = opposite arm of lever total length of the tie line × 100 ......... (1)

Question

a. A silicon sample maintained at room temperature is uniformly doped with ND=10¹6/cm³ donors. Calculate the resistivity of the sample. b. The silicon sample of part (a) is "compensated" by adding NA=1016/cm³ acceptors. Calculate the resistivity of the compensated sample. c. Compute the resistivity of intrinsic silicon at room temperature. d. A 500 resistor is to be made from a bar-shaped piece of n-type Si. The bar has a cross sectional area of 102 cm² and a current-carrying length of 1 cm. Determine the doping required. μn or μp (cm²/V-sec) 1000 Electrons Holes NA or ND (cm³) 1x1014 Мет Mp (cm2V-sec) 1358 461 2 1357 460 100 5 1352 459 1 x 1015 1345 458 2 1332 455 5 1298 448 1 x 1016.... 1248 437 2 1165 419 5 986 378 1 x 1017 801 331 10 1014 1015 1016 NA or ND (cm-³) 1017 1018 Silicon T = 300 K

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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a. A silicon sample maintained at room temperature is uniformly doped with ND=10¹6/cm³ donors. Calculate the resistivity of the sample. b. The silicon sample of part (a) is "compensated" by adding NA=1016/cm³ acceptors. Calculate the resistivity of the compensated sample. c. Compute the resistivity of intrinsic silicon at room temperature. d. A 500 resistor is to be made from a bar-shaped piece of n-type Si. The bar has a cross sectional area of 102 cm² and a current-carrying length of 1 cm. Determine the doping required. μn or μp (cm²/V-sec) 1000 Electrons Holes NA or ND (cm³) 1x1014 Мет Mp (cm2V-sec) 1358 461 2 1357 460 100 5 1352 459 1 x 1015 1345 458 2 1332 455 5 1298 448 1 x 1016.... 1248 437 2 1165 419 5 986 378 1 x 1017 801 331 10 1014 1015 1016 NA or ND (cm-³) 1017 1018 Silicon T = 300 K

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6-13. A smooth tube in the form of a circle of radius r rotates in its vertical plane with a constant angular velocity w. The position of a particle of mass m that slides inside the tube is given by the relative coordinate p. Find the differential equation for . e О E g ω Figure P6-13

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 12

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Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Chapter 10 Solutions