Chapter 10, Problem 10.35P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagent that can be used to carry out the given transformation is to be suggested. The complete, detailed mechanism for the reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In alkylation at the N atom, the excess of alkyl halide reacts with amines. The primary amine that is formed from the first alkylation of ammonia is nucleophilic at the N atom. It reacts with any unreacted alkyl halide species, leading to further alkylations. The same process i.e., an ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ reaction followed by deprotonation can occur a second time to yield the tertiary amine. To form a ring at the N atom, alkyl dihalide is used.