(a) Interpretation: The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent. Concept introduction: The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Question

I have a excitation/emission spectra of a quinine standard solution here, and I'm having trouble interpreting it. the red line is emission the blue line is excitation. i'm having trouble interpreting properly. just want to know if there is any evidence of raman or rayleigh peaks in the spectra.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

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I have a excitation/emission spectra of a quinine standard solution here, and I'm having trouble interpreting it. the red line is emission the blue line is excitation. i'm having trouble interpreting properly. just want to know if there is any evidence of raman or rayleigh peaks in the spectra.

Give the major product of the following reaction. excess 1. OH, H₂O 1.OH H CH3CH2CH21 H 2. A.-H₂O Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Advanced Template toolbars. The single bond is active by default.

2. Use Hess's law to calculate the AH (in kJ) for: rxn CIF(g) + F2(g) → CIF 3 (1) using the following information: 2CIF(g) + O2(g) → Cl₂O(g) + OF 2(g) AH = 167.5 kJ ΔΗ 2F2 (g) + O2(g) → 2 OF 2(g) 2C1F3 (1) + 202(g) → Cl₂O(g) + 3 OF 2(g) о = = -43.5 kJ AH = 394.1kJ

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The indicated hydrogen atoms and carbon -2 and carbon -4 are constitutionally equilvalent or non-equivalent is to be identified. The indicated groups are to be classified as homotopic, enantiotopic, or diastereotopic when they are constitutionally equivalent.

Concept introduction:

The groups which are chemically nondistinguishable are termed as constitutionally equivalent. The groups which are chemically distinguishable are termed as constitutionally nonequivalent. The constitutionally equivalent groups can be further divided into three categories homotopic, enantiotopic, and diastereotopic.

Answer 18

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Answer 29

Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the indicated groups are constitutionally equivalent or non-equivalent.

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Chapter 10 Solutions