Chapter 10, Problem 10.10P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Distance by which a proton approaches a water molecule before the dipole moment it induces is equal to the permanent dipole moment of the molecule which is $\text{1}\text{.85}\text{D}$ has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecules are the molecules having a positive and negative end and so there will be a charge separation.

A polar molecule is a molecule where the polar bonds are asymmetrically arranged (the dipoles do not cancel)

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule with no polar bonds or a molecule where the polar bonds are symmetrically arranged.

In polar molecule the charge separation occurred with respect to the difference in electronegativity of atoms in the molecule.

Calculation of the polarizability volume:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{α}}^{\text{'}}\text{=}\frac{\text{α}}{{\text{4πε}}_{\text{0}}}\\ \\ {\text{α}}^{\text{'}}\text{-Polarizability}\text{volume}\\ \text{α-Polarizability}\\ {\text{ε}}_{\text{0}}\text{-8}{\text{.854×10}}^{\text{-12}}{\text{J}}^{\text{-1}}{\text{C}}^{\text{2}}{\text{m}}^{\text{-1}}\\ \end{array}$

Calculation of electric field:

$\begin{array}{c}{\text{μ}}_{\text{x}}\text{=}\text{å}{\text{Q}}_{\text{J}}{\text{x}}_{\text{J}}\\ \\ {\text{Q}}_{\text{J}}\text{-}\text{Partial}\text{charge}\text{of}\text{the}\text{atom}\text{J}\text{.}\\ \\ {\text{x}}_{\text{J}}\text{-}\text{x}\text{coordinate}\text{of}\text{the}\text{atom}\text{J}\end{array}$