Chapter 10, Problem 10.9P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The contribution to the total molar energy of the kinetic energy at given conditions has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Average kinetic energy calculation can be done by the equation given below:

  $\boxed{\begin{array}{l}\text{K}\text{.E}\text{=}\frac{\text{3}}{\text{2}}\text{kT}\\ \\ \text{k}\text{-}\text{Boltzman}\text{constant}\\ \text{T}\text{-}\text{Temperature}\end{array}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The potential energy of interaction between hydrogen chloride molecules has to be determined at the given conditions and also have to identify whether the kinetic theory of gases is justifiable in the given case.

Concept Introduction:

Polar molecules are the molecules having a positive and negative end and so there will be a charge separation.

A polar molecule is a molecule where the polar bonds are asymmetrically arranged (the dipoles do not cancel)

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule with no polar bonds or a molecule where the polar bonds are symmetrically arranged.

In polar molecule the charge separation occurred with respect to the difference in electronegativity of atoms in the molecule.

Dipole Interaction of rotating molecules:

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{V}\left(\text{r}\right)\text{=}\text{-}\frac{{\text{2μ}}^{\text{2}}{}_{\text{1}}{\text{μ}}^{\text{2}}{}_{\text{2}}}{\text{3}{\left({\text{4πε}}_{\text{0}}\right)}^{\text{2}}\text{k}{\text{Tr}}^{\text{6}}}\\ \\ {\text{μ}}_{\text{1}}\text{and}{\text{μ}}_{\text{2}}\text{-}\text{Dipole}\text{moment}\text{of}\text{the}\text{molecules}\text{.}\\ \text{k}\text{-}\text{Boltzmann's}\text{constant}\\ \text{T-Temperature}\\ \text{r-}\text{Separation}\\ {\text{ε}}_{\text{0}}\text{-}\text{Permitivity}\text{of vacuum}\\ \end{array}$