What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319065447
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 1, Problem 9MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Statistical analyses are mathematical tools that help understand patterns in the study data.
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Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding inference?
A. inference can be used along with observation to form conclusions
B. inference should never be used to gain any kind of knowledge
C. inference makes no assumptions
D. inference should not be used in scientific work
E. inference is a type of observation
State whether the following statements are true or false.
(a). A hypothesis must be testable and fasifiable.
(b). Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves that hypothesis.
(C) In the context of science, a law is general and can lead to new testable hypotheses.
In an experiment, the control group is used to:
a
Change the variable
b
Provide a baseline for comparison with the test group
c
add additional non-dependent variables
d
demonstrate correlation rather than causation
e
generate hypotheses
Chapter 1 Solutions
What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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Ch. 1 - Prob. 11SACh. 1 - Prob. 12SACh. 1 - Prob. 13SACh. 1 - Prob. 14SACh. 1 - Prob. 15SACh. 1 - Prob. 16SACh. 1 - Prob. 17SACh. 1 - Prob. 18SACh. 1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 1 - Prob. 5MCCh. 1 - Prob. 6MCCh. 1 - Prob. 7MCCh. 1 - Prob. 8MCCh. 1 - Prob. 9MCCh. 1 - Prob. 10MCCh. 1 - Prob. 11MC
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- Use the computed values for referencearrow_forwardIdentify each statement below as S if it can be tested scientifically or N if it is non-empirical knowledge. Explain your answer. a. Leonardo da Vinci is a better painter than Picasso is. b. Alcohol consumption by pregnant women may cause birth defects in their babies. c. There is a God. d. The sun rises in the east every morning.arrow_forwardThe purpose of the constant is to: a. allow for adjustment of the control b. eliminate other potential factors/variables in the experiment c. allow for the dependent variable to show the necessary outcome d. help prove the hypothesis correctarrow_forward
- 1) Chi-square analysis generates a p value, an important indicator of statistical support for a hypothetical outcome. If a p value = 0.05 > p > 0.01, the tested hypothesis fails to be falsified. Agree/Disagree? Answer with explanation here:arrow_forwardwhich of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry? a. If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it. b. If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis c. If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis. d. if my prediction is correct, my hypothesis is supported.arrow_forwardThe _______ is manipulated by scientists over the course of an experiment. A.)dependent • variable B.)data C.)independent variablearrow_forward
- Formulate three (3) hypotheses.Hypothesis: cause and effect/premise and prediction - ”If..then..” statements Example: “If the glass is tapped, then the fish will swim away” There are four evaluation criteria that a hypothesis must meet. First, it must state an expected relationship between variables. Second, it must be testable and falsifiable; researchers must be able to test whether a hypothesis is true or false. Third, it should be consistent with the existing body of knowledge. Finally, it should be stated as simply and concisely as possible.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a reason why Wakefield’s study on the connection between autism and vaccinations was flawed? A. the study had a small sample size B. the study was not replicable C. the study acquired samples unethically and, quite possibly, illegally D. the study demonstrated everyone’s well being was taken care of E. the authors committed deliberate fraud to support their hypothesisarrow_forwardWhy the results of the Swan-neck flask experiment were reliable ?: Select one: a. Because it maintained no controls at all b. Because proper controls were maintained and only one variable changed at a time c. Because many controls were maintained d. Because it was repeatedly done by several scientists e. Because it tested all variables at the same timearrow_forward
- How do scientists use both inference and directly observed evidence to test hypotheses and develop theories? What is their relative importance?arrow_forwardhelp and explainarrow_forwardWhat was the independent variable in the experiment? A.) Temperature B.) Seed count C.)Amount of water D.) Incubation timearrow_forward
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