University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 91P
Calculate the rate of heat
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Calculate the rate of heat conduction out of the human body, assuming that the core internal
temperature is 37.0°C, the skin temperature is 34.0°C, the thickness of the tissues between
averages 1.00 cm, and the surface area is 1.40m². Thermal conductivity is about 0.2 J/(s m °C) for
fatty body tissue.
For the human body, what is the rate of heat transfer by conduction through the body’s tissue with the following conditions: the tissue thickness is 3.00 cm, the change in temperature is 2.00ºC, and the skin area is 1.50m2. How does this compare with the average heat transfer rate to the body resulting from an energy intake of about 2400 kcal per day? (No exercise is included.)
For the human body, what is the rate of heat transfer by conduction through the body’s tissue with the following conditions: the tissue thickness is 3.00 cm, the difference in temperature is 2.00 °C , and the skin area is 1.50 m2 .How does this compare with the average heat transfer rate to the body resulting from an energy intake of about 2400 kcal per day? (No exercise is included.)
Chapter 1 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Does a given reading on a...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Two objects A and B have...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding If 25 kJ is necessary to...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Explain why a cup of...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Why does snow Often...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Name an example from...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding How does the rate of heat...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Explain why using a fan...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding How much greater is the...Ch. 1 - What does it mean to say that two systems are in...
Ch. 1 - Give an example in which A has some kind of...Ch. 1 - If a thermometer is allowed to come to equilibrium...Ch. 1 - Give an example of a physical property that varies...Ch. 1 - Pouring cold water into hot glass or ceramic...Ch. 1 - One method of getting a tight fit, say of a metal...Ch. 1 - Does it really help to run hot water over a tight...Ch. 1 - When a cold alcohol thermometer is placed in a hot...Ch. 1 - Calculate the length of a 1-meter rod of a...Ch. 1 - Noting the large stresses that can be caused by...Ch. 1 - How is heat transfer related to temperature?Ch. 1 - Describe a situation in which heat transfer...Ch. 1 - When heat transfers into a system, is the energy...Ch. 1 - The brakes in a car increase in temperature by T...Ch. 1 - A pressure cooker contains water and steam in...Ch. 1 - As shown below, which is the phase diagram for...Ch. 1 - Can carbon dioxide be liquefied at room...Ch. 1 - What is the distinction between gas and vapor?Ch. 1 - Heat transfer can cause temperature and phase...Ch. 1 - How does the latent heat of fusion of water help...Ch. 1 - What is the temperature of ice right after it is...Ch. 1 - If you place 0 ice into 0 water in an insulated...Ch. 1 - What effect does condensation on a glass of ice...Ch. 1 - In Miami, Florida, which has a very humid climate...Ch. 1 - In winter, it is often warmer in San Francisco...Ch. 1 - Freeze-dried foods have been dehydrated in a...Ch. 1 - In a physics classroom demonstration, an...Ch. 1 - Mechanisms of Heat Transfer What are the main...Ch. 1 - When our bodies get too warm, they respond by...Ch. 1 - Shown below is a cut-away drawing of a thermos...Ch. 1 - Some electric stoves have a flat ceramic surface...Ch. 1 - Loose-fitting white clothing covering most of the...Ch. 1 - One way to make a fireplace more energy-efficient...Ch. 1 - On cold, clear nights horses will sleep under the...Ch. 1 - When watching a circus during the day in a large,...Ch. 1 - Satellites designed to observe the radiation from...Ch. 1 - Why are thermometers that ale used in weather...Ch. 1 - Putting a lid on a boiling pot greatly reduces the...Ch. 1 - Your house will be empty for a while in cold...Ch. 1 - You pour coffee into an unlidded cup, intending to...Ch. 1 - Broiling is a method of cooking by radiation,...Ch. 1 - On a cold winter morning, why does the metal of a...Ch. 1 - While traveling outside the United States, you...Ch. 1 - What are the following temperatures on the Kelvin...Ch. 1 - (a) Suppose a cold front blows into your locale...Ch. 1 - An Associated Press article on climate change...Ch. 1 - (a) At what temperature do the Fahrenheit and...Ch. 1 - A person taking a reading of the temperature in a...Ch. 1 - The height of the Washington Monument is measured...Ch. 1 - How much taller does the Eiffel Tower become at...Ch. 1 - What is the change in length of a 3.00-cm-long...Ch. 1 - How large an expansion gap should be left between...Ch. 1 - You are looking to buy a small piece of land in...Ch. 1 - Global warming will produce rising sea levels...Ch. 1 - (a) Suppose a meter stick made of steel and one...Ch. 1 - (a) If a 500-mL glass beaker is filled to the brim...Ch. 1 - Most cars have a coolant reservoir to catch...Ch. 1 - A physicist makes a cup of instant coffee and...Ch. 1 - The density of water at 0 C is very nearly 1000...Ch. 1 - Show that =3a , by calculating the infinitesimal...Ch. 1 - Calorimetry On a hot day, the temperature of an...Ch. 1 - To sterilize a 50.0-g glass baby bottle, we must...Ch. 1 - The same heat transfer into identical masses of...Ch. 1 - Rubbing your hands together warms them by...Ch. 1 - A 0.250-kg block of a pule material is heated from...Ch. 1 - Suppose identical amounts of heat transfer into...Ch. 1 - (a) The number of kilocalories in food is...Ch. 1 - Following vigorous exercise, the body...Ch. 1 - In a study of healthy young men[1], doing 20...Ch. 1 - A 1.28-kg sample of water at 10.0 is in a...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem, assuming the water...Ch. 1 - How much heat transfer (in kilocalories) is...Ch. 1 - A bag containing 0 ice is much more effective in...Ch. 1 - (a) How much heat transfer is required to raise...Ch. 1 - Condensation on a glass of ice water causes the...Ch. 1 - On a trip, you notice that a 3.50-kg bag of ice...Ch. 1 - On a certain dry sunny day, a swimming pool 's...Ch. 1 - (a) How much heat transfer is necessary to raise...Ch. 1 - In 1986, an enormous iceberg broke away from the...Ch. 1 - How many grams of coffee must evaporate from 350 g...Ch. 1 - (a) It is difficult to extinguish a fire on a...Ch. 1 - The energy released from condensation in...Ch. 1 - To help prevent frost damage, 4.00 kg of water at...Ch. 1 - A 0.250-kg aluminum bowl holding 0.800 kg of soup...Ch. 1 - A 0.0500-kg ice cube at 30.0 is placed in 0.400...Ch. 1 - If you pour 0.0100 kg of 20.0 water onto a...Ch. 1 - Indigenous people sometimes cook in watertight...Ch. 1 - What would the final temperature of the pan and...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - The rate of heat conduction out of a window on a...Ch. 1 - Calculate the rate of heat conduction out of the...Ch. 1 - Suppose you stand with one foot on ceramic...Ch. 1 - A man consumes 3000 kcal of food in one day,...Ch. 1 - A firewalker runs across a bed of hot coals...Ch. 1 - (a) What is the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - A warms transfers energy by conduction through its...Ch. 1 - Compare the rate of heat conduction through a...Ch. 1 - Suppose a person is covered head to foot by wool...Ch. 1 - Some stove tops are smooth ceramic for easy...Ch. 1 - One easy way to reduce heating (and cooling) costs...Ch. 1 - Many decisions are made on the basis of the...Ch. 1 - In 1701, the Danish astronomer Ole Rømer proposed...Ch. 1 - What is the percent error of thinking the melting...Ch. 1 - An engineer wants to design a structure in which...Ch. 1 - How much stress is cleated in a steel beam if its...Ch. 1 - A brass rod (Y=90109N/m2), with a diameter of...Ch. 1 - A mercury thermometer still in use for meteorology...Ch. 1 - Even when shut down after a period of normal use,...Ch. 1 - You leave a pastry in the refrigerator on a plate...Ch. 1 - Two solid spheres, A and B, made of the same...Ch. 1 - In some countries, liquid nitrogen is used on...Ch. 1 - Some gun fanciers make their own bullets, which...Ch. 1 - A 0.800-kg iron cylinder at a temperature of...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem with 2.00 kg of ice...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem with 0.500 kg of ice,...Ch. 1 - A 30.0-g ice cube at its melting point is dropped...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - (a) An exterior wall of a house is 3 m tall and 10...Ch. 1 - For the human body, what is the rate of heat...Ch. 1 - You have a Dewar flask (a laboratory vacuum flask)...Ch. 1 - An infrared heater for a sauna has a surface area...Ch. 1 - (a) Deter-nine the power of radiation from the Sun...Ch. 1 - A pendulum is made of a rod of length L and...Ch. 1 - At temperatures of a few hundred kelvins the...Ch. 1 - In a calorimeter of negligible heat capacity, 200...Ch. 1 - An astronaut performing an extra-vehicular...Ch. 1 - The goal in this problem is to find the growth of...Ch. 1 - As the very first rudiment of climatology,...Ch. 1 - Let's stop ignoring the greenhouse effect and...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- At 25.0 m below the surface of the sea, where the temperature is 5.00C, a diver exhales an air bubble having a volume of 1.00 cm3. If the surface temperature of the sea is 20.0C, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks the surface?arrow_forwardWhat is the rate of heat transfer in J/s through the body's skin and the fat layer just beneath its surface? Treat the skin and fat as a single layer that is 1.20 cm thick. Assume the temperature of the inner surface of the layer corresponds to internal body temperature, or 36.7 °C, and the temperature of the outer surface of the layer corresponds to skin temperature, or 34.0 °C. Take the total surface area of the layer to be 1.50 m² and use a value of 0.413 W/(m-C°) for the average thermal conductivity of the layer. Number Unitsarrow_forwardAn electronics device generates 36.8 W of heat energy during normal operation. The heat is dissipated from the top surface of the device to ambient air at 23°C. If the top surface area is 0.174 m2 and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 7.365 W/m2· K, what will be the surface temperature (in °C) of the device [round your final answer to one decimal place]?arrow_forward
- Calculate the rate of heat conduction through house walls that are 13.0 cm thick and that have an average thermal conductivity is 0.084 J/s.m.oC. Assume there are no windows or doors. The surface area of the walls is 120 m2 and their inside surface is at 18.0°C , while their outside surface is at 5.00°C .arrow_forward(a) What is the rate of heat conduction through the 3.00-cm-thick fur of a large animal having a 1.40-m2 surface area? Assume that the animal’s skin temperature is 32.0ºC , that the air temperature is −5.00ºC , and that furhas the same thermal conductivity as air. (b) What food intake will the animal need in one day to replace this heat transfer?arrow_forwardAn electronics device generates 31.7 W of heat energy during normal operation. The heat is dissipated from the top surface of the device to ambient air at 22°C. If the top surface area is 0.194 m2 and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 7.411 W/m2· K, what will be the surface temperature (in °C) of the device [round your final answer to one decimal place]?arrow_forward
- The core temperature of an athlete is 37 °C and his surface area is 1.8 m2. The thermal conductivity of his surface tissue, which is 6 mm thick on average, is 0.18W/m K. If heat is transferred from his core to his skin at a rate of 270W, what is the average temperature of his skin surface?arrow_forwardA cooking pot has a copper bottom of area 4.00x 10-2 m2 and thickness 1.00 cm. if the pot is set on a 521 °F stove top and filled with ice water, what is the melting rate of the ice? The thermal conductivity of copper is 3.90x 102 J/(s m K) and the latent heat of fusion of water is 3.35x 105 J/kg.(answer must be in kg/s) Estimate the lowest environment temperature that a person, who has skin temperature 34.0 °C, total skin area 1.53 m², emissivity 0.800, and metabolic energy production 157 J/s, can stand naked without a significant drop of body temperature. (answer in celicus)arrow_forwardSuppose a human body's core internal temperature is 37.0°C, the skin temperature is 34.0°C, the thickness of the tissues between averages 0.95 cm, and the surface area is 1.435 m2. -Calculate the rate of heat conduction, in watts, out of the human body.arrow_forward
- When excessive heat is produced within the body, it must be transferred to the skin and dispersed if the temperature at the body interior is to be maintained at the normal value of 37.0 °C. One possible mechanism is conduction through body fat. Suppose that heat travels through 0.03 m of fat in reaching the skin, which has a total surface area of 1.6 m2 and a temperature of 34.5 ° C. How much heat is transferred to the skin in 10 minutes, assuming the conductivity of body fat to be k = 0.20 J/ (s*m*° C)? Q unitarrow_forward(a) What is the rate of heat conduction through the 3.00-cm-thick fur of a large animal having a 1.40-m2 surface area? Assume that the animal’s skin temperature is 32.0 °C , that the air temperature is −5.00 °C , and thatfur has the same thermal conductivity as air. (b) What food intake will the animal need in one day to replace this heat transfer?arrow_forwardThe area of the skin of an adult human being is about 2.10m^2. If the temperature of the skin of an unclothed person is 36.0 degrees C when the surroundings are 26.0 degrees C . What is the rate of heat transfer if the skin reflects 19 % of the heat directed to the surface?arrow_forward
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