University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 66P
Suppose identical amounts of
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A coffee machine makes use of 100°C steam to warm up 0.18 kg coffee at 14°C to 85°C. What is the mass of steam needed in g? Assume that coffee has the same thermal properties as water, that all heat from steam will be used to raise the
temperature of the coffee, and that steam used becomes part of coffee, namely liquid water. The specific heat of liquid water is 4.2 kJ/(kg K) and the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 MJ/kg. Do not forget to take into account the
latent heat of vaporization.
Aluminum has a specific heat more than twice that of copper. Identical masses of aluminum and copper, both at 0°C, are dropped together into a can of hot water. When the system has come to
equilibrium,
O the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the amount of water in the can
O the aluminum is at a higher temperature than the copper
the copper is at a higher temperature than the aluminum
O the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the initial temperature of the water in the can
O the aluminum and copper are at the same temperature
In general, the cooling of a hot steel bar can be described by the following differential equation:
dT
= a(T- 20)
dt
%3D
where the surrounding room temperature is 20°C and a is a constant that describes how easily heat can transfer between the bar and the environment.
Your steel bar has been heated to 200°C and will be allowed to cool from 200°C in such a way that the ODE describes its temperature.
The coefficient 'a' describes how quickly heat is dissipated, and is affected by things like insulation or airflow around the bar. You wish to determine the
value of 'a' required to allow the bar to cool down to below 30°C within 4 minutes, to the nearest two decimal places.
Use a for loop to test all values of the 'a' coefficient between 0 and -1. Use an appropriately high resolution to ensure that your answer converges with the
true answer.
Answer:
Chapter 1 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Does a given reading on a...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Two objects A and B have...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding If 25 kJ is necessary to...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Explain why a cup of...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Why does snow Often...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Name an example from...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding How does the rate of heat...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding Explain why using a fan...Ch. 1 - Check Your Understanding How much greater is the...Ch. 1 - What does it mean to say that two systems are in...
Ch. 1 - Give an example in which A has some kind of...Ch. 1 - If a thermometer is allowed to come to equilibrium...Ch. 1 - Give an example of a physical property that varies...Ch. 1 - Pouring cold water into hot glass or ceramic...Ch. 1 - One method of getting a tight fit, say of a metal...Ch. 1 - Does it really help to run hot water over a tight...Ch. 1 - When a cold alcohol thermometer is placed in a hot...Ch. 1 - Calculate the length of a 1-meter rod of a...Ch. 1 - Noting the large stresses that can be caused by...Ch. 1 - How is heat transfer related to temperature?Ch. 1 - Describe a situation in which heat transfer...Ch. 1 - When heat transfers into a system, is the energy...Ch. 1 - The brakes in a car increase in temperature by T...Ch. 1 - A pressure cooker contains water and steam in...Ch. 1 - As shown below, which is the phase diagram for...Ch. 1 - Can carbon dioxide be liquefied at room...Ch. 1 - What is the distinction between gas and vapor?Ch. 1 - Heat transfer can cause temperature and phase...Ch. 1 - How does the latent heat of fusion of water help...Ch. 1 - What is the temperature of ice right after it is...Ch. 1 - If you place 0 ice into 0 water in an insulated...Ch. 1 - What effect does condensation on a glass of ice...Ch. 1 - In Miami, Florida, which has a very humid climate...Ch. 1 - In winter, it is often warmer in San Francisco...Ch. 1 - Freeze-dried foods have been dehydrated in a...Ch. 1 - In a physics classroom demonstration, an...Ch. 1 - Mechanisms of Heat Transfer What are the main...Ch. 1 - When our bodies get too warm, they respond by...Ch. 1 - Shown below is a cut-away drawing of a thermos...Ch. 1 - Some electric stoves have a flat ceramic surface...Ch. 1 - Loose-fitting white clothing covering most of the...Ch. 1 - One way to make a fireplace more energy-efficient...Ch. 1 - On cold, clear nights horses will sleep under the...Ch. 1 - When watching a circus during the day in a large,...Ch. 1 - Satellites designed to observe the radiation from...Ch. 1 - Why are thermometers that ale used in weather...Ch. 1 - Putting a lid on a boiling pot greatly reduces the...Ch. 1 - Your house will be empty for a while in cold...Ch. 1 - You pour coffee into an unlidded cup, intending to...Ch. 1 - Broiling is a method of cooking by radiation,...Ch. 1 - On a cold winter morning, why does the metal of a...Ch. 1 - While traveling outside the United States, you...Ch. 1 - What are the following temperatures on the Kelvin...Ch. 1 - (a) Suppose a cold front blows into your locale...Ch. 1 - An Associated Press article on climate change...Ch. 1 - (a) At what temperature do the Fahrenheit and...Ch. 1 - A person taking a reading of the temperature in a...Ch. 1 - The height of the Washington Monument is measured...Ch. 1 - How much taller does the Eiffel Tower become at...Ch. 1 - What is the change in length of a 3.00-cm-long...Ch. 1 - How large an expansion gap should be left between...Ch. 1 - You are looking to buy a small piece of land in...Ch. 1 - Global warming will produce rising sea levels...Ch. 1 - (a) Suppose a meter stick made of steel and one...Ch. 1 - (a) If a 500-mL glass beaker is filled to the brim...Ch. 1 - Most cars have a coolant reservoir to catch...Ch. 1 - A physicist makes a cup of instant coffee and...Ch. 1 - The density of water at 0 C is very nearly 1000...Ch. 1 - Show that =3a , by calculating the infinitesimal...Ch. 1 - Calorimetry On a hot day, the temperature of an...Ch. 1 - To sterilize a 50.0-g glass baby bottle, we must...Ch. 1 - The same heat transfer into identical masses of...Ch. 1 - Rubbing your hands together warms them by...Ch. 1 - A 0.250-kg block of a pule material is heated from...Ch. 1 - Suppose identical amounts of heat transfer into...Ch. 1 - (a) The number of kilocalories in food is...Ch. 1 - Following vigorous exercise, the body...Ch. 1 - In a study of healthy young men[1], doing 20...Ch. 1 - A 1.28-kg sample of water at 10.0 is in a...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem, assuming the water...Ch. 1 - How much heat transfer (in kilocalories) is...Ch. 1 - A bag containing 0 ice is much more effective in...Ch. 1 - (a) How much heat transfer is required to raise...Ch. 1 - Condensation on a glass of ice water causes the...Ch. 1 - On a trip, you notice that a 3.50-kg bag of ice...Ch. 1 - On a certain dry sunny day, a swimming pool 's...Ch. 1 - (a) How much heat transfer is necessary to raise...Ch. 1 - In 1986, an enormous iceberg broke away from the...Ch. 1 - How many grams of coffee must evaporate from 350 g...Ch. 1 - (a) It is difficult to extinguish a fire on a...Ch. 1 - The energy released from condensation in...Ch. 1 - To help prevent frost damage, 4.00 kg of water at...Ch. 1 - A 0.250-kg aluminum bowl holding 0.800 kg of soup...Ch. 1 - A 0.0500-kg ice cube at 30.0 is placed in 0.400...Ch. 1 - If you pour 0.0100 kg of 20.0 water onto a...Ch. 1 - Indigenous people sometimes cook in watertight...Ch. 1 - What would the final temperature of the pan and...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - The rate of heat conduction out of a window on a...Ch. 1 - Calculate the rate of heat conduction out of the...Ch. 1 - Suppose you stand with one foot on ceramic...Ch. 1 - A man consumes 3000 kcal of food in one day,...Ch. 1 - A firewalker runs across a bed of hot coals...Ch. 1 - (a) What is the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - A warms transfers energy by conduction through its...Ch. 1 - Compare the rate of heat conduction through a...Ch. 1 - Suppose a person is covered head to foot by wool...Ch. 1 - Some stove tops are smooth ceramic for easy...Ch. 1 - One easy way to reduce heating (and cooling) costs...Ch. 1 - Many decisions are made on the basis of the...Ch. 1 - In 1701, the Danish astronomer Ole Rømer proposed...Ch. 1 - What is the percent error of thinking the melting...Ch. 1 - An engineer wants to design a structure in which...Ch. 1 - How much stress is cleated in a steel beam if its...Ch. 1 - A brass rod (Y=90109N/m2), with a diameter of...Ch. 1 - A mercury thermometer still in use for meteorology...Ch. 1 - Even when shut down after a period of normal use,...Ch. 1 - You leave a pastry in the refrigerator on a plate...Ch. 1 - Two solid spheres, A and B, made of the same...Ch. 1 - In some countries, liquid nitrogen is used on...Ch. 1 - Some gun fanciers make their own bullets, which...Ch. 1 - A 0.800-kg iron cylinder at a temperature of...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem with 2.00 kg of ice...Ch. 1 - Repeat the preceding problem with 0.500 kg of ice,...Ch. 1 - A 30.0-g ice cube at its melting point is dropped...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the rate of heat conduction through...Ch. 1 - (a) An exterior wall of a house is 3 m tall and 10...Ch. 1 - For the human body, what is the rate of heat...Ch. 1 - You have a Dewar flask (a laboratory vacuum flask)...Ch. 1 - An infrared heater for a sauna has a surface area...Ch. 1 - (a) Deter-nine the power of radiation from the Sun...Ch. 1 - A pendulum is made of a rod of length L and...Ch. 1 - At temperatures of a few hundred kelvins the...Ch. 1 - In a calorimeter of negligible heat capacity, 200...Ch. 1 - An astronaut performing an extra-vehicular...Ch. 1 - The goal in this problem is to find the growth of...Ch. 1 - As the very first rudiment of climatology,...Ch. 1 - Let's stop ignoring the greenhouse effect and...
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