Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 5CP
Explain how the secretion of a hormone is controlled by negative feedback inhibition. Use the control of insulin secretion as an example.
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Describe how a hormone can bind to a membrane-boundreceptor, directly change enzyme activity inside the cell,and increase phosphorylation of intracellular proteins.Give examples.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 1 - How has the study of physiology aided, and been...Ch. 1 - Describe the steps involved in the scientific...Ch. 1 - Describe the different types of trials a new drug...Ch. 1 - Define homeostasis and describe how this concept...Ch. 1 - Define negative feedback and explain how it....Ch. 1 - Prob. 4CPCh. 1 - Explain how the secretion of a hormone is...Ch. 1 - List the four primary tissues and describe the...Ch. 1 - Compare and contrast the three types of muscle...Ch. 1 - Describe the different types of epithelial...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 7aCPCh. 1 - Describe the different types of connective tissues...Ch. 1 - State the location of each type of primary tissue...Ch. 1 - Describe the functions of nervous, muscle, and...Ch. 1 - Describe the functions of the epidermis and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9CPCh. 1 - Glands are derived from...Ch. 1 - Cells joined tightly together are characteristic...Ch. 1 - Cells are separated by large extracellular spaces...Ch. 1 - Blood vessels and nerves are usually located...Ch. 1 - Most organs are composed of...Ch. 1 - Sweat is secreted by exocrine glands. This means...Ch. 1 - Which of these statements about homeostasis is...Ch. 1 - In a negative feedback loop, the effector produces...Ch. 1 - A hormone called parathyroid hormone acts to help...Ch. 1 - Which of these consists of dense parallel...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RACh. 1 - Prob. 12RACh. 1 - Describe the structure of the various epithelial...Ch. 1 - Compare bone, blood, and the dermis of the skin in...Ch. 1 - Describe the role of antagonistic negative...Ch. 1 - Using insulin as an example, explain how the...Ch. 1 - Describe the steps in the development of...Ch. 1 - Why is Claude Bernard considered the father of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 19RACh. 1 - Prob. 20RACh. 1 - Why are interactions between the body-fluid...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22RACh. 1 - Give examples of adult stem cells and explain...Ch. 1 - Prob. 24RACh. 1 - Prob. 25RACh. 1 - Prob. 26RA
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- Chronic stress or GC exposure can cause insulin resistance. The influence of GC on insulin is complex, but leads to hyperinsulinemia (high circulating insulin levels) and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is typically caused by a decreased number of insulin receptors on the cell surface. Speculate on a mechanism resulting in a decreased number of insulin receptors.arrow_forwardDescribe in details how epinephrine acts on skeletal muscle to break down glycogen during a ‘flight or fight' reaction. Use key terms: hormone, GPCR, G-protein, cyclic AMP in your response. Please include relevant diagrams and explain them.arrow_forwardIllustrate, using a negative feedback pathway, the regulation of hormones of the thyroid gland. Using this illustration, explain (in words) how the negative feedback pathway works.arrow_forward
- “Since endocrine systems are the components of homeostatic feedback loop, co-ordination can be evident in hormone secretion” – explain this statement with an example.arrow_forwardTrace in a stepwise manner the signaling pathway that involves a g-protein receptor leading to the release of intracellular calcium. Specify what class of hormones would be involved in this pathway.arrow_forwardExplain why polar hormones cannot regulate their target cells without using second messengers. Alsoexplain in a step-by-step manner how cyclic AMP is used as a second messenger in hormone action.arrow_forward
- Explain how the chemical nature of the plasma membrane acts on the two chemical categories of hormones, and thus the type of response each hormone can induce in a target cell. Be sure to thoroughly describe the two types of cellular responses.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. second messengerb. desensitizationc. target celld. insulin resistancee. adenylate cyclasearrow_forwardList the major categories of hormones on the basis of their chemical structure. Describe how hormones interact with tissues to produce a response. Describe three methods of regulating the release of hormones.arrow_forward
- Explain mechanisms of action in endocrine signaling, taking Adrenalin-induced fight or flight response as an example.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast formulation of long acting insulin and short acting insulin. How do their properties help control the rate at which the Delivered insulin enters bloodstream?arrow_forwardExplain how a second messenger works. Why use a secondmessenger rather than simply relying on the original hormone to produce the desired effect?arrow_forward
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