3rd Edition

ISBN: 9780135188927

Author: Gould, Robert, Ryan, Colleen N. (colleen Nooter)

Publisher: Pearson,

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Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative p…

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Chapter 1, Problem 54SE

Autism and MMR Vaccine An article by Wakefield et al. in the British medical journal Lancet claimed that autism was caused by the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. This vaccine is typically given to children twice, at about the age of 1 and again at about 4 years of age. In the article 12 children with autism who had all received the vaccines shortly before developing autism were studied. The article was later retracted by Lancet because the conclusions were not justified by the design of the study.

Can you conclude that the MMR vaccine causes Autism from this study? Explain why Lancet might have felt that the conclusions (MMR causes autism) were not justified by listing potential flaws in the study, as described above. (Source: A. J. Wakefield et al., “Ileal lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children.” Lancet, vol. 351 (February 1998): 637-641)

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Chapter 1, Problem 53SE

Chapter 1, Problem 55SE

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Solution Summary: The author explains why Lancet retracted the study. The provided study was inefficient to draw the conclusion about the cause and effect relationship of MMR vaccine and Autism.

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