Chapter 1, Problem 47E

For each of the following ions, indicate the number of protons and electrons the ion contains.

a. Ba²⁺

b. Zn²⁺

c. N³⁻

d. Rb⁺

e. Co³⁺

f. Te²⁻

g. Br⁻

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion the number of protons is $\text{56}$ and the number of electrons is $\text{54}$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Ba}$ is $\text{56}$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ is $\text{56}$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ has $2+$ charge this means it loses 2 electrons. Thus, the number of electrons is 2 less than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ is $54$.

Conclusion

Positive ions have less number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion the number of protons is $56$ and number of electrons is $54$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion, the number of protons is $30$ and the number of electrons is $28$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Zn}$ is $30$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ is $30$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ has $2+$ charge this means it loses 2 electrons. Thus, the number of electrons is 2 less than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ is $28$.

Conclusion

Positive ions have less number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion, the number of protons is $30$ and number of electrons is $28$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{N}}^{3-}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ ion, the number of protons is $7$ and the number of electrons is $10$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{N}$ is $7$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ is $7$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ has $3-$ charge this means it gains 3 electrons. Thus, the number of electrons is 3 more than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ is $10$.

Conclusion

Negative ions have more number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ ion, the number of protons is $7$ and number of electrons is $10$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ ion, the number of protons is $37$ and the number of electrons is $36$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Rb}$ is $37$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ is $37$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ has one positive charge this means it loses 1 electron. Thus, the number of electrons is1 less than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ is $36$.

Conclusion

Positive ions have less number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ ion, the number of protons is $37$ and number of electrons is $36$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ ion, the number of protons is $27$ and the number of electrons is $24$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Co}$ is $27$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ is $27$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ has $3+$ charge this means it loses 3 electrons. Thus, the number of electrons is 3 less than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ is $24$.

Conclusion

Positive ions have less number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ ion, the number of protons is $27$ and number of electrons is $24$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In the ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$ ion, the number of protons is $52$ and number of electrons is $54$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Te}$ is $52$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$ is $52$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ has $2-$ charge this means it gains 2 electrons. Thus, the number of electrons is 2 more than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$ is $54$.

Conclusion

Negative ions have more number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$ ion, the number of protons is $52$ and number of electrons is $54$.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and electrons present in the given set of ions is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An atom consists of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the subatomic particles into which an atom can be further divided. The protons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. The neutrons are neutral.

To determine: The number of electrons and protons in ${\text{Br}}^{-}$.

Answer to Problem 47E

Answer

In the ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ ion, the number of protons is $35$ and number of electrons is $36$.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of $\text{Br}$ is $35$. The number of protons will be equal to the atomic number. Therefore, number of protons in ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ is $35$.

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and number of protons are equal. Since ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ has one negative charge this means it gains 1 electron. Thus, the number of electrons is 1 more than the number of protons. So, the number of electrons in ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ is $36$.

Conclusion

Negative ions have more number of electrons than the number of protons.

In the ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ ion, the number of protons is $35$ and number of electrons is $36$.