Concept explainers
Videos
Define and e xplain the differences between the following terms.
a. law and theory
b. theory and experiment
c. qualitative and quantitative
d. hypothesis and theory
(a)
To determine: The difference between the terms law and theory.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Law is defined as a set of rules whereas theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement.
Explanation of Solution
Law - Law can be defined as an arrangement of rules and regulations that are enforced upon through a group of organizations. It is very instrumental in shaping the politics, economy and the society in many ways. It behaves as an important mediator in the relation among people.
Theory - A theory is generally defined as an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement of perceptions. It mainly does two things:
- Distinguishes the arrangement of particular perception as a class of processes.
- Makes statements about the basic reality that leads to or influences this class.
Law is the set of rules where as theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement
(b)
To determine: The difference between the terms theory and experiment.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement and Experiment is the strategy for researching causal connections among factors.
Explanation of Solution
Theory - A theory is generally defined as an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement of perceptions. It mainly does two things:
- Distinguishes the arrangement of particular perception as a class of processes.
- Makes statements about the basic reality that leads to or influences this class.
Experiment - An experiment is a strategy for research on causal connections among various factors. It is an important quality of the factual approach towards the acquiring of data relating to the world. It finds its usage in both the social sciences as well as the natural sciences. Its usage in solving practical problems and in supporting certain theoretical assumptions is one of its important characteristics.
Theory is an investigative structure intended to clarify an arrangement while an experiment is a strategy for research on causal connections among various factors.
(c)
To determine: The difference between the terms qualitative and quantitative.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Qualitative is relative with the subjective nature of a thing whereas Quantitative relates to the amount of a substance.
Explanation of Solution
Qualitative - This relates to the subjective nature of a thing or marvel, for example, feel, taste, mastery, picture, administration, notoriety. It does not involve the specification of number.
Quantitative - This relates to the target nature of a thing or wonder that is quantifiable and certain, for example, lightness or heaviness, taller or shorter, and thickness or slimness. The specification of number is involved in this case.
The term qualitative relates to the subjective nature of a thing where as the term quantitative is related to the amount of a substance.
(d)
To determine: The difference between the terms hypothesis and theory.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Answer
Hypothesis is a presumption whereas a theory is verified.
Explanation of Solution
Hypothesis - Hypothesis consists of several presumptions that are not verified or formulated. Since it is based on presumptions, this may or may not be true.
Theory – An assembly of hypothesis that is verified and formulated is known as a theory.
Hypothesis is a presumption where as a theory is verified fact. A hypothesis may or may not be true but a theory is always correct
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY: AN ATOMS FIRST APPROACH
- The emission data in cps displayed in Table 1 is reported to two decimal places by the chemist. However, the instrument output is shown in Table 2. Table 2. Iron emission from ICP-AES Sample Blank Standard Emission, cps 579.503252562 9308340.13122 Unknown Sample 343.232365741 Did the chemist make the correct choice in how they choose to display the data up in Table 1? Choose the best explanation from the choices below. No. Since the instrument calculates 12 digits for all values, they should all be kept and not truncated. Doing so would eliminate significant information. No. Since the instrument calculates 5 decimal places for the standard, all of the values should be limited to the same number. The other decimal places are not significant for the blank and unknown sample. Yes. The way Saman made the standards was limited by the 250-mL volumetric flask. This glassware can report values to 2 decimal places, and this establishes our number of significant figures. Yes. Instrumental data…arrow_forwardSteps and explanation pleasearrow_forwardSteps and explanation to undertand concepts.arrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forward7. Draw a curved arrow mechanism for the following reaction. HO cat. HCI OH in dioxane with 4A molecular sievesarrow_forwardTry: Convert the given 3D perspective structure to Newman projection about C2 - C3 bond (C2 carbon in the front). Also, show Newman projection of other possible staggered conformers and circle the most stable conformation. Use the template shown. F H3C Br Harrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forward16. Consider the probability distribution p(x) = ax", 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 for a positive integer n. A. Derive an expression for the constant a, to normalize p(x). B. Compute the average (x) as a function of n. C. Compute σ2 = (x²) - (x)², the variance of x, as a function of n.arrow_forward451. Use the diffusion model from lecture that showed the likelihood of mixing occurring in a lattice model with eight lattice sites: Case Left Right A B C Permeable Barrier → and show that with 2V lattice sites on each side of the permeable barrier and a total of 2V white particles and 2V black particles, that perfect de-mixing (all one color on each side of the barrier) becomes increasingly unlikely as V increases.arrow_forward
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax