EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319159153
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 1, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Empirical knowledge comes from experience and observation.
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A valid hypothesis… (Mark any that apply.)
A. should be posed as a question.
B. always leads to groundbreaking results.
C. can be checked by experimentation.
D. is falsifiable.
E. is used to decide between a small number of alternatives.
choose all that apply
Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding inference?
A. inference can be used along with observation to form conclusions
B. inference should never be used to gain any kind of knowledge
C. inference makes no assumptions
D. inference should not be used in scientific work
E. inference is a type of observation
Formulate three (3) hypotheses.Hypothesis: cause and effect/premise and prediction - ”If..then..” statements Example: “If the glass is tapped, then the fish will swim away”
There are four evaluation criteria that a hypothesis must meet. First, it must state an expected relationship between variables. Second, it must be testable and falsifiable; researchers must be able to test whether a hypothesis is true or false. Third, it should be consistent with the existing body of knowledge. Finally, it should be stated as simply and concisely as possible.
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
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- What is science? (Mark any that apply.) A. A method to find enlightenment. B. A process by which knowledge is produced. C. A body of knowledge. D. A way of making predictions that are testable. E. A system to determine the correct opinion. select all that applyarrow_forwardState whether the following statements are true or false. (a). A hypothesis must be testable and fasifiable. (b). Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves that hypothesis. (C) In the context of science, a law is general and can lead to new testable hypotheses.arrow_forwardIn an experiment, the control group is used to: a Change the variable b Provide a baseline for comparison with the test group c add additional non-dependent variables d demonstrate correlation rather than causation e generate hypothesesarrow_forward
- Which of these statements are true about predictions and hypotheses? (4 are true) □ If the results of the experiment are NOT consistent with a given prediction then that hypothesis is false. O Hypotheses and predotions are the same as theories. A predictions is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. Predictions and hypotheses are the same thing. Predictions are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." O The prediction step comes before the hypothesis. Hypotheses are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." A hypothesis is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. O The prediction step comes after the hypothesis.arrow_forwardThe purpose of the constant is to: a. allow for adjustment of the control b. eliminate other potential factors/variables in the experiment c. allow for the dependent variable to show the necessary outcome d. help prove the hypothesis correctarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not mentioned by Marder (2011) as a category of experimental research? A. Developing a mathematical model of a biology process B. Measuring a value C. Measuring a relationship between variables D. Using computers for analysis E. Improving and industrial productarrow_forward
- A hypothesis cannot be formed without which of the following? a. experimentation b. observation c. datad. theoryarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correctly linked?a. model: a representation of an object used in an experimentb. standard deviation: a form of statistical analysisc. principle: a theory that is not supported by experimental evidenced. data: the results of an experiment or observationarrow_forwardIdentify each statement below as S if it can be tested scientifically or N if it is non-empirical knowledge. Explain your answer. a. Leonardo da Vinci is a better painter than Picasso is. b. Alcohol consumption by pregnant women may cause birth defects in their babies. c. There is a God. d. The sun rises in the east every morning.arrow_forward
- II.) Answer as comprehensively and as briefly as you can. When is a hypothesis accepted? Why is a variable included in an experiment? Discuss the importance of a control in interpreting the results of an experiment? What are the reasons for conducting an experiment? Differentiate discovery-based from hypothesis-driven science? Explain how the scientific way of learning and solving problems can be useful to you.arrow_forwardThe _______ is manipulated by scientists over the course of an experiment. A.)dependent • variable B.)data C.)independent variablearrow_forwardIn science, a theory is best defined as a(n) Select one: a. educated opinion about the natural world. b. explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world. c. personal understanding of natural laws. d. testable prediction about the natural world. e. speculation and opinion of facts.arrow_forward
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