Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 25CP
Summary Introduction
To explain:
In what way the positive feedback is helpful in blood clotting but not in thermoregulation of the body.
Introduction:
The homeostasis is maintained by the various feedback mechanisms in the body of an individual. The feedback system comprises of both the negative and positive feedback mechanisms that all provide stability to the body of the organism.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Describe a learning outcome.Ch. 1 - Explain how to use your textbook most effectively...Ch. 1 - Define anatomy.Ch. 1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1 - Describe how anatomy and physiology are closely...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between gross anatomy and...Ch. 1 - Identify several specialties of physiology.Ch. 1 - Why is it difficult to separate anatomy from...Ch. 1 - Identify the major levels of organization of the...Ch. 1 - Identify the organ systems of the body and cite...
Ch. 1 - At which level of organization does a histologist...Ch. 1 - Prob. 12CPCh. 1 - Define eponym.Ch. 1 - Name the book that serves as the international...Ch. 1 - What is the purpose of anatomical terms?Ch. 1 - For a body in the anatomical position, describe an...Ch. 1 - Name two essential functions of the body cavities...Ch. 1 - Describe the various body cavities of the trunk.Ch. 1 - Define homeostasis.Ch. 1 - Which general mechanism of homeostatic regulation...Ch. 1 - Why is homeostatic regulation important to an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22CPCh. 1 - What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks...Ch. 1 - Prob. 24CPCh. 1 - Prob. 25CPCh. 1 - Define equilibrium.Ch. 1 - When the body continuously adapts by using...Ch. 1 - LEVEL 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms 1. Label the...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - Prob. 17RQCh. 1 - The study of the structure of tissues is called...Ch. 1 - The increasingly forceful labor contractions...Ch. 1 - Prob. 20RQCh. 1 - A plane through the body that passes perpendicular...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22RQCh. 1 - Prob. 23RQCh. 1 - A learning outcome is best described as (a) a goal...Ch. 1 - (a) Define anatomy. (b) Define physiology.Ch. 1 - The two major body cavities of the trunk are the...Ch. 1 - What distinguishes autoregulation from extrinsic...Ch. 1 - Describe the anatomical position.Ch. 1 - Which sectional plane could divide the body so...Ch. 1 - Prob. 30RQCh. 1 - Prob. 31RQCh. 1 - Prob. 32RQCh. 1 - Besides the liver and most of the large intestine,...Ch. 1 - If the deep knife wound had been superior to the...
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