1 Chemical Tools Experimentation And Measurement 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relationships In Chemical Reactions 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Periodicity And The Electronic Structure Of Atoms 6 Ionic Compounds Periodic Trends And Bonding Theory 7 Covalent Bonding And Electron-dot Structures 8 Covalent Compounds Bonding Theories And Molecular Structure 9 Thermochemistry Chemical Energy 10 Gases Their Properties And Behavior 11 Liquids And Phase Changes 12 Solids And Solid-state Materials 13 Solutions And Their Properties 14 Chemical Kinetics 15 Chemical Equilibrium 16 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids And Bases 17 Applications Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, And Spontaneity 19 Electrochemistry 20 Nuclear Chemistry 21 Transition Elements And Coordination Chemistry 22 The Main-group Elements 23 Organic And Biological Chemistry expand_more
Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 1.1P: Express the diameter of a nanoparticle(0.000 000 050 m) in scientific notation, and then express the... Problem 1.2A: APPLY 1.2 Express the following quantities in scientific notation using fundamental SI units of mass... Problem 1.3P: PRACTICE 1.3 The melting point of table salt is 1474oF. What temperature is this on the Celsius and... Problem 1.4A Problem 1.5P: PRACTICE 1.5 Chloroform, a substance once used as an anesthetic, has a density of 1.483 g/mL at... Problem 1.6A: APPLY 1.6 You are beachcombing on summer vacation and find a silver bracelet. You take it to the... Problem 1.7P: PRACTICE 1.7 Some radioactive materials emit a type of radia- tion called alpha particles at high... Problem 1.8A Problem 1.9P: How many significant figures does each of the following quantities have? (a) 0.003 00 mL(b) 2070... Problem 1.10A: Read the volume of the buret and reportyour answer to the correct number of significant figures. The... Problem 1.11P: Examine the figure in Worked Example 1.6. Which dartboard haslow accuracy and precision? Problem 1.12A: A 1.000 mL sample of acetone, a common solvent used as a paintremover, was placed in a small vial... Problem 1.13P: Carry out the following calculations, expressing each result with the correct number of significant... Problem 1.14A: APPLY 1.14 A sodium chloride solution was prepared in the fol- lowing manner: • A 25.0 mL volumetric... Problem 1.15P: PRACTICE 1.15 Gemstones are weighed in carats, with 1 carat = 200 mg (exactly). What is the mass in... Problem 1.16A: PRACTICE 1.15 Gemstones are weighed in carats, with 1 carat = 200 mg (exactly). What is the mass in... Problem 1.17P: The maximum dimensions of a soccer field are 90.0 m wide and120.0 m long, giving an area of... Problem 1.18A: APPLY 1.18 How large, in cubic centimeters, is the volume of a red blood cell (in cm3) if the cell... Problem 1.19P Problem 1.20P Problem 1.21P: Use Figure 1.10 to estimate in powers of 10 (a) how many times larger the diameter of a human hair... Problem 1.22P: On the nanoscale, materials often exhibit novelproperties not observed at other scales. Which... Problem 1.23P: Refer to Figure 1.11. Which cube has a greatersurface area to volume ratio? (a) A cube with an edge... Problem 1.24P: Catalytic converters use nanoscale particles of precious metals such as platinum to change... Problem 1.25P: Platinum is an expensive and rare metal used incatalytic converters. Much research has been devoted... Problem 1.26P Problem 1.27CP: Which block in each of the following drawings of a balance is more dense, red or green? Explain. Problem 1.28CP Problem 1.29CP: How many milliliters of water does the graduated cylinder in (a) contain, and how tall in... Problem 1.30CP: Assume that you have two graduated cylinders, one with a capac- ityof 5 mL (a) and the other with a... Problem 1.31CP: The following cylinder contains three liquids that do not mix with one another: water (density = 1.0... Problem 1.32SP: The following statements pertain to the development of the the- ory of combustion by the French... Problem 1.33SP: The following statements pertain to the development of the the- ory of the structure of DNA. Match... Problem 1.34SP: Label the following statements about the world’s largest goldbar as quantitative or qualitative... Problem 1.35SP: Label the following statements as quantitative or qualitativeobservations. (a) An object weighs less... Problem 1.36SP: Refer to Figure 1.2. What is developed when numerousobservations support a hypothesis? Problem 1.37SP: What is the difference between a hypothesis and theory? (a) A hypothesis provides an explanation for... Problem 1.38SP: What SI units are used for measuring the following quantities? For derived units, express your... Problem 1.39SP: Prefixes for multiples of SI units are used to express large and small quantities. Complete the... Problem 1.40SP Problem 1.41SP Problem 1.42SP: Bottles of wine sometimes carry the notation Volume=75cL. What does the unit cL mean? Problem 1.43SP: Which quantity in each of the following pairs is larger? (a) 5.63106cmor6.02101km (b) 46sor3.2102ms... Problem 1.44SP: Which quantity in each of the following pairs is smaller? (a) 154pmor7.7109cm (b)... Problem 1.45SP: How many picograms are in 1 mg? In 35 ng? Problem 1.46SP: How many microliters are in 1 L? In 20 mL? Problem 1.47SP Problem 1.48SP: Express the following measurements in scientific notation. (a) 453.32 mg (b) 0.000 042 1 mL(c)... Problem 1.49SP: Convert the following measurements from scientific notation to standard notation. (a) 3.221103mm(b)... Problem 1.50SP: An experimental procedure call for 250 mg of calcium carbonate. The balance in the laboratory... Problem 1.51SP: A virus has a diameter of 5.2108m . What is the mostappropriate prefix for reporting the diameter of... Problem 1.52SP: Which is larger, a Fahrenheit degree or a Celsius degree? Byhow much? Problem 1.53SP: What is the difference between a kelvin and a Celsius degree? Problem 1.54SP: The normal body temperature of a goat is 39.9 °C, and thatof an Australian spiny anteater is 22.2... Problem 1.55SP: Of the 90 or so naturally occurring elements, only four are liquidnearroom temperature: mercury... Problem 1.56SP: Suppose that your oven is calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit but a recipe calls for you to bake at 175... Problem 1.57SP: Tungsten, the element used to make filaments in light bulbs,has a melting point of 6192 °F. Convert... Problem 1.58SP: Suppose you were dissatisfied with both Celsius and Fahrenheitunits and wanted to design your own... Problem 1.59SP: Answer parts (a)(d) of Problem 1.58 assuming that your RAN new temperature scale is based on... Problem 1.60SP: Sodium chloride has a melting point of 1074 K and a boiling point of 1686 K. Convert these... Problem 1.61SP: A 125 mL sample of water at 293.2 K was heated for 8 mm,25 s so as to give a constant temperature... Problem 1.62SP: What is the difference between a derived SI unit and a fundamental SI unit? Give an example of each. Problem 1.63SP: Which volume in each pair is larger, and by approximately how much (a) 1000 mL or 10 L(b) 1m3 or 1... Problem 1.64SP: What is the volume in L of a cube with an edge length of7.0 dm? Problem 1.65SP: What is the volume in mL of a cube with an edge length of 2.5 cm? Problem 1.66SP: What is the density of glass in g/cm3 if a sample weighing27.43 g has a volume of 12.40cm3 ? Problem 1.67SP: What is the density of lead in g/cm3 if a sample weighing 206.77 g has a volume of 15.50cm3 ? Problem 1.68SP: A vessel contains 4.67 L of bromine whose density is 3.10g/cm3 .What is the mass of the bromine in... Problem 1.69SP: Aspirin has a density of 1.40g/cm3 . What is the volume incubic centimeters of an aspirin tablet... Problem 1.70SP: Gaseous hydrogen has a density of 0.0899 g/L at 0°C, andgaseous chlorine has a density of 3.214 g/L... Problem 1.71SP: The density of silver is 10.5g/cm3 . What is the mass (in kilograms) of a cube of silver that... Problem 1.72SP Problem 1.73SP Problem 1.74SP: You would like to determine if a set of antique silver ware is pure silver. The mass of a small fork... Problem 1.75SP: An experiment is performed to determine if pennies are madeof pure copper. The mass of 10 pennies... Problem 1.76SP: The density of chloroform, a widely used organic solvent, is1.4832 g/mL at 20 °C. How many... Problem 1.77SP: More sulfuric acid (density=1.8302g/cm3) is produced than any other chemical—approximately... Problem 1.78SP Problem 1.79SP: Assume that the kinetic energy of a 1400 kg car moving at115 km/h (Problem 1.78) is converted... Problem 1.80SP Problem 1.81SP Problem 1.82SP Problem 1.83SP Problem 1.84SP Problem 1.85SP: What is the difference in mass between a nickel that weighs4.8 g and a nickel that weighs 4.8673 g? Problem 1.86SP: How many significant figures are in each of the following measurements? (a) 35.0445 g(b) 59.0001... Problem 1.87SP Problem 1.88SP Problem 1.89SP: The diameter of the Earth at the equator is 7926.381 mi. (a) Round off this quantity to four... Problem 1.90SP: Round off the following quantities to the number of significant figures indicated in parentheses.... Problem 1.91SP: Round off the following quantities to the number of significant figures indicated in parentheses.... Problem 1.92SP: Express the results of the following calculations with the correct number of significant figures.... Problem 1.93SP: Express the results of the following calculations with the correct number of significant figures.... Problem 1.94SP: Carry out the following conversions. (a) How many grams of meat are in a quarter-poundhamburger... Problem 1.95SP: Convert the following quantities into SI units with the correct number of significant figures. (a)... Problem 1.96SP Problem 1.97SP: In the United States, the emissions limit for carbon monoxide in motorcycle engine exhaust is 12.0 g... Problem 1.98SP Problem 1.99SP Problem 1.100SP Problem 1.101SP: Concentrations of substances dissolved in solution are oftenexpressed as mass per unit volume. For... Problem 1.102SP Problem 1.103SP Problem 1.104SP: Which is larger in each pair, and by approximate how much? (a) A liter or a quart(b) A mile or a... Problem 1.105SP: The density of polystyrene, a plastic commonly used to make CD cases and transparent cups, is... Problem 1.106SP: The density of polypropylene, a plastic commonly used to make bottle caps, yogurt containers, and... Problem 1.107MP Problem 1.108MP: A 1.0-ounce piece of chocolate contains 15 mg of caffeine, anda 6.0-ounce cup of regular coffee... Problem 1.109MP Problem 1.110MP Problem 1.111MP Problem 1.112MP: A bag of Hershey’s Kisses contains the following information: Serving size: 9pieces=41g Calories per... Problem 1.113MP: Vinaigrette salad dressing consists mainly of oil and vinegar.The density of olive oil is 0... Problem 1.114MP: At a certain point, the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales “cross,”giving the same numerical value on... Problem 1.115MP Problem 1.116MP: A calibrated flask was filled to the 25.00 mL mark withethyl alcohol. By weighing the flask before... Problem 1.117MP: Brass is a copper-zinc alloy. What is the mass in grams of abrass cylinder having a length of 1.62... Problem 1.118MP: Ocean currents are measured in Sverdrups (sv) where 1sv=109m3/s . The Gulf Stream off the tip of... Problem 1.119MP: The element gallium (Ga) has the second-largest liquid rangeof any element, melting at 29.78 °C and... format_list_bulleted