(a) Interpretation: Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated. Concept introduction: An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number. Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated. The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows: Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures. The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal. The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant. The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.84SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 ft is equal to 12 in ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “ 1 cal is equal to 4.184 J ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “Mount Everest has 29035 ft ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 12

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 13

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement that “the world record for 1 mile run is 3min,43.13 sec ” uses an exact number or not should be stated.

Concept introduction:

An exact number is a completely certain number, that is, which can be counted. For example, 1 kilometer has exactly 1000 meter or 1 dozen has 12 number of items, which is also an exact number.

Exact numbers have infinite significant figures and zero error or uncertainty. Example 12 has infinite significant figures but 12.00 has 4 significant figures. To exactly determine the uncertainty in the final answer of measurement, significant figures are calculated.

The rules for counting significant figures will be as follows:

Numbers that are non-zero are significant figures.

The zeros preceding numbers that are non-zero are non-significant as they only define the place of decimal.

The zeros in between numbers that are non-zero are also significant.

The zeros after numbers that are non-zero are significant only if the decimal is present in the number.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Chapter 1 Solutions