Chapter 1, Problem 1.83EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether $H{N}_3$ has got more total atoms, same number of total atoms, or fewer total atoms than that of $N{H}_3$ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula.  Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical formulas are $H{N}_{3}andN{H}_3$.

Total number of atoms in $H{N}_3$:  This contains one hydrogen atom and three nitrogen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of four atoms are present in the chemical formula.

Total number of atoms in $N{H}_3$:  This contains one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of four atoms are present in the chemical formula.

On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that they both contain same number of atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether $CaS{O}_4$ has got more total atoms, same number of total atoms, or fewer total atoms than that of $Mg{(OH)}_2$ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula.  Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical formulas are $CaS{O}_{4}andMg{(OH)}_2$.

Total number of atoms in $CaS{O}_4$:  This contains one calcium atom, one sulfur atom and four oxygen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of six atoms are present in the chemical formula.

Total number of atoms in $Mg{(OH)}_2$:  This contains one magnesium atom, two oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of five atoms are present in the chemical formula.

On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that $CaS{O}_4$ contain more number of atoms than $Mg{(OH)}_2$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether $NaCl{O}_3$ has got more total atoms, same number of total atoms, or fewer total atoms than that of $Be{(CN)}_2$ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula.  Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical formulas are $NaCl{O}_{3}andBe{(CN)}_2$.

Total number of atoms in $NaCl{O}_3$:  This contains one sodium atom, one chlorine atom and three oxygen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of five atoms are present in the chemical formula.

Total number of atoms in $Be{(CN)}_2$:  This contains one beryllium atom, two carbon atom and two nitrogen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of five atoms are present in the chemical formula.

On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that they both contain the same number of atoms.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether $B{e}_3{(P{O}_4)}_2$ has got more total atoms, same number of total atoms, or fewer total atoms than that of $Mg{(C_2{H}_3{O}_2)}_2$ has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula.  Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical formulas are $B{e}_3{(P{O}_4)}_{2}andMg{(C_2{H}_3{O}_2)}_2$.

Total number of atoms in $B{e}_3{(P{O}_4)}_2$:  This contains three beryllium atoms, two phosphorus atoms and eight oxygen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of thirteen atoms are present in the chemical formula.

Total number of atoms in $Mg{(C_2{H}_3{O}_2)}_2$:  This contains one magnesium atom, four carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and four oxygen atoms in its chemical formula.  Therefore, a total of fifteen atoms are present in the chemical formula.

On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that $B{e}_3{(P{O}_4)}_2$ contain less number of atoms than $Mg{(C_2{H}_3{O}_2)}_2$.