The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified. Concept introduction: Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities. The two types of errors are as follows: 1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices. 2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision. Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

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In the box below, specify which of the given compounds are very soluble in polar aprotic solvents. You may select more than one compound. Choose one or more: NaCl NH4Cl CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CN CH3CH2OH hexan-2-one NaOH CH3SCH3

On the following structure, select all of the atoms that could ACCEPT a hydrogen bond. Ignore possible complications of aromaticity. When selecting be sure to click on the center of the atom.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiments that yield the same average results are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high precision is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show high accuracy is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The experiment(s) that show systematic error is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Precision is defined as the closeness of two measurements with each other. Accuracy refers to the closeness of the measured values to the standard or known value. Some errors also occur in the calculation of the measured quantities.

The two types of errors are as follows:

1. Systematic error: This error is a part of the experimental setup or faulty devices.

2. Random error: This error occurs always and is due to instruments’ precision.

Random errors can be decreased by taking the average of more measurements. If more measurements are taken, then the average of these values come out to be nearly close to the actual value and therefore the random error is decreased and therefore have high accuracy. The calibration of the instrument results in the increased accuracy of the measurements, but not necessarily precision.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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