Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure takes into account only the valence electrons. In the Lewis structure, each single line represents a shared pair of electrons, that is, a bonding pair of electrons. Nonbonding electrons are indicated by dots and are usually paired
(b)
Interpretation:
For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula
Concept introduction:
In the Lewis structure each bond represents a shared pair of electrons and the non-bonding electrons are shown by dots. In a molecule or polyatomic ion, charge to an individual atom is determined by the difference between the atoms group number and the actual valence electrons it possesses. For the atoms involved in covalent bonds, the formal charge is determined by assigning both electrons of a lone pair to the atom on which they appear, and half the electrons are assigned to each atom involved in the bond.
(c)
Interpretation:
For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula
Concept introduction:
In the Lewis structure each bond represents a shared pair of electrons and the non-bonding electrons are shown by dots. In a molecule or polyatomic ion, charge to an individual atom is determined by the difference between the atoms group number and the actual valence electrons it possesses. For the atoms involved in covalent bonds, the formal charge is determined by assigning both electrons of a lone pair to the atom on which they appear, and half the electrons are assigned to each atom involved in the bond.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles And Mechanisms
- CUE COLUMN NOTES (A. Determine Stereoisomers it has ⑤ Identify any meso B compounds cl Br cl -c-c-c-c-¿- 1 CI C- | 2,4-Dichloro-3-bromopentanearrow_forwardThe acid-base chemistry of both EDTA and EBT are important to ensuring that the reactions proceed as desired, thus the pH is controlled using a buffer. What percent of the EBT indicator will be in the desired HIn2- state at pH = 10.5. pKa1 = 6.2 and pKa2 = 11.6 of EBTarrow_forwardWhat does the phrase 'fit for purpose' mean in relation to analytical chemistry? Please provide examples too.arrow_forward
- For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density × NO2 ○ donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O electron-rich electron-deficient no inductive effects O no resonance effects O similar to benzene E [ CI O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Explanation Check ○ donating withdrawing no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Accesarrow_forwardUnderstanding how substituents activate Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation HN NH2 Check X (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Aarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects on benzene For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density Molecule CF3 O donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene CH3 O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects O donating O withdrawing Ono resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Explanation Check Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
- * Hint: Think back to Chem 1 solubility rules. Follow Up Questions for Part B 12. What impact do the following disturbances to a system at equilibrium have on k, the rate constant for the forward reaction? Explain. (4 pts) a) Changing the concentration of a reactant or product. (2 pts) b) Changing the temperature of an exothermic reaction. (2 pts) ofarrow_forwardDraw TWO general chemical equation to prepare Symmetrical and non-Symmetrical ethers Draw 1 chemical reaction of an etherarrow_forwardPlease help me with the following questions for chemistry.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
