Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.3PS
QUANTITATIVE Sizing Things Up. To appreciate the sizes of the subcellular structures shown in Figure 1-3b, consider the following calculations:
(a) All cells and many subcellular structures are surrounded by a membrane. Assuming a typical membrane to be about 8 nm wide, how many such membranes would have to be aligned side by side before the structure could be seen with the light microscope? How many with the electron microscope?
(b) Ribosomes are the cell structures in which the process of protein synthesis takes place. A human ribosome is a roughly spherical structure with a diameter of about 30 nm. How many ribosomes would fit in the internal volume of the human liver cell described in Problem 1-2 if the entire volume of the cell were filled with ribosomes?
(c) The genetic material of the Escherichia coli cell described in Problem 1-2 consists of a circular DNA molecule with a strand diameter of 2 nm and a total length of 1.36 mm. To be accommodated in a cell that is only a few micrometers long, this large DNA molecule is tightly coiled and folded into a nucleoid that occupies a small proportion of the cell’s internal volume. Approximating the DNA molecule as a very thin cylinder, calculate the smallest possible volume the DNA molecule could fit into, and express it as a percentage of the internal volume of the bacterial cell that you calculated in Problem 1-2a.
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Question #3:
In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would
transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming
there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are
inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if:
a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non-
apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic
and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female
first (left side) in the parental cross.
b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non-
apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic
and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female
first (left side) in the…
Question #5:
Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The
genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative
apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C.
At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype.
A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually
reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic
ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following
temperatures*:
a) 15°C?
b) 25°C?
*for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the
female first (left side) in the cross.
Type your answer here:
Chapter 1 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 1 - What evidence led scientists to develop the basic...Ch. 1 - Why is a high degree of antibody-antigen...Ch. 1 - You have discovered a defective gene that allows...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.3CCCh. 1 - The Historical Strands of Cell Biology. For each...Ch. 1 - QUANTITATIVE Cell Sizes. To appreciate the...Ch. 1 - QUANTITATIVE Sizing Things Up. To appreciate the...Ch. 1 - Problem Set QUANTITATIVE Limits of Resolution Then...Ch. 1 - The Contemporary Strands of Cell Biology. For each...Ch. 1 - The Facts of Life. Each of these statements was...
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