Concept explainers
Quantitative Researchers hypothesized that leaf mimicry by B. trifoliolata provides protection from plant-eating animals (herbivores). The results of a study of 45 individual vines are shown in the following graph. Light conditions were very similar in all cases. Researchers compared the level of leaf damage by plant eaters (herbivory index) in vines climbing leafy host trees, vines creeping on the ground with no support, and vines climbing on bare tree trunks. Use the P values provided to determine if the differences are significant or not (*** means P < 0.001, see BioSkills 3). What conclusion, if any, can be drawn about leaf mimicry from this study? What might the researchers do next to further explore the role of leaf mimicry?
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Biological Science (7th Edition)
- the graph is depicting the size of eggs and number of eggs for the mycalesis terminus butterfly. the right of the graph represents the mass of the eggs (solid blue) and the left side represents the number of eggs (striped blue) Describe one realistic difference between host plants that might be affecting the numbers and sizes of eggs that a female lays on these plants. Suppose the ability of a female to adjust her egg and clutch size is an adaptation in these butterflies. Based on the difference between host plants that you identified in Part C, describe and explain why that difference would impact how a female adjusts the size or number of eggs (choose only one of these). Your answer just needs to be possible, not necessarily true.arrow_forwardExamine the following picture. This plant is called mistletoe. The life cycle of the plant involves settling on a host tree, sinking root-like structures into the tree, and removing the phloem. What kind of relationship is shown here? O A. mutualism O B. commensalism O C. competition O D. parasitismarrow_forwardforest sites than in forest fragments, whereas there were no significant differences between fragments of different sizes. These results provide further evidence for the effects of habitat size on the phorid-Acromyrmex system in a tropical rain forest, based on the abundance of parasitoids both as adults in the field and as reared immature phorids in the laboratory. Phorid parasitized leafcutter ants were most abundant in areas of continuous forest, and less abundant in the forest fragments. O Phorid flies are important parasitoids of leafcutter ants nd leafcutter ants can be found in Brazil's Southeastern Both phorid flies Atlantic Forest. The study provides evidence that this parasitoid-host interaction between phorid flies and leafcutter ant differs between continuous forest and forest fragments. Phorid flies were just as abundant in forest fragments as they were in continuous forest, but were less successful in parasitizing leafcutter ants.arrow_forward
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- Draw a graph of the abundance of each type of plant (three lines) versus water availability. Please use C4 plants, C3 plants, and CAM plants for the graph.arrow_forwardAre there examples of mutualism or parasitism within these species? Explain and classify them into categories of mutualism, parasitism, and none.arrow_forwardPlease answer asap and in shortarrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning