Chapter 1, Problem 1.1RQ

Program Plan Intro

(a)

Define Data.

Explanation of Solution

Data are the raw facts and are referred to as the stored representation of events and objects that have importance and meaning in the user’s environment. Data can be structured or unstructured.

Program Plan Intro

(b)

Define Information.

Explanation of Solution

Both the data and information are closely related to each other. Information is the data that is processed to increase the knowledge of a person who uses that data.

Program Plan Intro

(c)

Define Metadata.

Explanation of Solution

Metadata is the data that describe the characteristics or properties of data used by the end user and the context of those data.

Program Plan Intro

(d)

Define Enterprise resource Planning.

Explanation of Solution

Enterprise Resource Planning is a process of managing businesses. This process is used by many organizations to manage and integrate different parts of their businesses. It integrates all the important factors like product planning, manufacturing, development and sales.

Program Plan Intro

(e)

Define Data Warehouse.

Explanation of Solution

Data Warehouse is a collection of large amount of data and information from different sources and management of that data to provide meaningful business insights.

Program Plan Intro

(f)

Define Constraint.

Explanation of Solution

Constraints are used for specifying rules for the data in a table. It is used to limit the type of data to ensure reliability and accuracy of the data.

Program Plan Intro

(g)

Define Database.

Explanation of Solution

Database is a collection, organization, storage, update and access of data. Database makes data management easy.

Program Plan Intro

(h)

Define Entity.

Explanation of Solution

Entity can be a place, person, object, concept or event in the user environment about which the organization wants to maintain the data.

Program Plan Intro

(i)

Define Database Management System.

Explanation of Solution

Database management system is a software system that is used to create, store, update, retrieve, maintain and access user databases.

Program Plan Intro

(j)

Define Data lake.

Explanation of Solution

Data lake is referred as a repository that stores a large amount of raw data in its native format. Data lake can store structured or unstructured data. Data lake stores data using a flat architecture.

Program Plan Intro

(k)

Define System Development life cycle.

Explanation of Solution

System Development Life Cycle is a traditional method used to develop, maintain and replace information systems. It is a complete set of steps that include professionals like designers and programmers to develop and maintain information systems.

Program Plan Intro

(l)

Define Prototyping.

Explanation of Solution

Prototyping is an iterative process involved in systems development in which there is a conversion of requirements to a working system which is revised continually through close work between users and analysts.

Program Plan Intro

(m)

Define Enterprise Data Model.

Explanation of Solution

Enterprise Data Model creates an overall explanation and image of organizational data and not for a particular database. It may involve many databases and describes the scope of data maintained by the organization.

Program Plan Intro

(n)

Define Conceptual Data Model.

Explanation of Solution

Conceptual data model is a detailed and technology independent specification of the overall structure of data of organization.

Program Plan Intro

(o)

Define Logical Data Model.

Explanation of Solution

Logical data model is a data model that describes the data in a detailed format without considering how the data is physically implemented in the database.

Program Plan Intro

(p)

Define Physical Data Model.

Explanation of Solution

Physical data model describes how data from logical data model is stored by a database management system. A physical data model consists of table’s structure that includes column name, primary key, constraints, data type and relationships between tables.