You need to soften water at a 20 MGD potable water treatment facility using lime (Ca(OH)2) and soda ash (Na2CO3). Chemical analysis of the water revealed the constituent concentrations in the table below. ConcentrationMolecular WeightCO26mg/L44g/molCa2+20mg/L40g/molMg2+10mg/L24.4g/molNa+5mg/L23g/molAlkalinity105mg/L100g/molSO42-4mg/L96g/molCl-7mg/L35.5g/mol What is the Carbonate Harness (concentration) in this system?Calculate the quantity of softening materials required on a daily basis for and excess lime treatment process (assume 24 hr operation).

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Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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You need to soften water at a 20 MGD potable water treatment facility using lime (Ca(OH)₂) and soda ash (Na₂CO₃). Chemical analysis of the water revealed the constituent concentrations in the table below.

	Concentration	Molecular Weight
CO₂	6	mg/L	44	g/mol
Ca²⁺	20	mg/L	40	g/mol
Mg²⁺	10	mg/L	24.4	g/mol
Na⁺	5	mg/L	23	g/mol
Alkalinity	105	mg/L	100	g/mol
SO₄^2-	4	mg/L	96	g/mol
Cl^-	7	mg/L	35.5	g/mol

What is the Carbonate Harness (concentration) in this system?
Calculate the quantity of softening materials required on a daily basis for and excess lime treatment process (assume 24 hr operation).

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