3.1 In order to soften 6 MGD of water contains Ca²= 120 mg/L and Mg²+ = 95 mg/L, to the practicalsolubility limit using split treatment and with desired magnesium concentration of 40 mg/L as CaCO3.we need to treat only: a) 5.5 MGDb) 4.5 MGDc) 3.2 MGDd) 4.9 MGDContinue in the back3.2 If an ion exchange water softener has 0.2 m' of ion-exchange resin with an exchange capacity of 75kg/m³. The occupants use 2500 gallon/day of water. If the water contains 250 mg/L of hardness asCaCO, and it is desired to soften it to 90 mg/L as CaCO), what is the time between regeneration?a) 15 daysb) 14 daysc) 12 daysd) 10 days3.3 You are about to design a sand filter that has sand with a particle diameter of 0.02 inch. Duringfiltration, the depth of the filter is 0.75 ft and the porosity is 0.25. During backwash, the porosity isexpected to be 0.60. If gravel and underdrain layer is 1.6 ft and free board is 2 ft, the total depth of thefilter will be: a) 3.5 ftb) 5.0 ftc) 8.5 ftd) 9.5 ft3.4 A cube flash mixer has a dimension of 6 ft, and an average water temperature of 70°F. If theminimum velocity gradient according to the (10 states 4.2.2.a) is at least 750 fps/ft, the power neededfor imparting a minimum velocity gradient is:a) 3568 ft.Ib/secb) 2925 ft.Ib/secc) 4576 ft.Ib/secd) 2490ft.Ib/sec3.5 A city with a population of about 20,000 needs a new solid waste collection truck(s). You been askedto determine the number of the vehicles needed to serve the population. The capacity of the vehicleavailable for purchase is 25 yd' and can make 3 trips per day, 6 days per week and will compact thewaste to 550 lb/yd'. If the generation rate from studies in this community is 4 Ib/d for each person,how many trucks you need? a) 3 trucks b) 4 trucks c) 5 trucks d) 6 trucks3.6 A plant treat drinking water from a suspended solids of 110 mg/L to 20 mg/L using 42 mg/L of alumdosage. What is the total mass rate of sludge generated in mg/L? (Assume alum EW is 100 mg/meq,and 26 mg/meq for Al(OH)3). a) 96 mg/L b) 101 mg/L c) 135 mg/L d) 159 mg/L3.7 A plant has an average flow rate of 0.5 MGD. It has 3 settling basins operated in parallel with 2online at any one time. The effective dimensions (for settling) of the basins are 30 ft long by 20 ftwide by 12 ft deep. The plant's hydraulic retention time is around:a) 5.9 hoursb) 6.5 hoursc) 4.3 hoursd) 5.2 hours3.8 If filter dimensions are 30ft by 25ft, how much backwash water in gallons is required if the processtakes only 20 minutes and assuming backwash rate used is 20 gpm/ft²?a) 400000 gallon b) 350000 gallonc) 300000 gallond) 250000 gallon3.9 A 20-MGD water treatment plant uses 5 parallel rapid sand filters (4 of them online at any time). Ifeach filter dimensions are 30ft by 25ft, what is the filtration rate in gpm/ft²?a) 5.9 gpm/ft²b) 15.8 gpm/ft²c) 12.9 gpm/ft²d) 4.63 gpm/ft²3.10 A 2.0 ft/sec water to be treated using membrane ultra-filtration. The available membrane has aporosity of 55%, a pore size of 7.0x10 inch and a thickness of 4.0x 10 inch. The water has aviscosity of 2.34x10" Ib.sec/ft². If 1.5 psi pressure drop is expected during filtration, what would bethe area of the membrane you recommend? a) 15 ft² b) 20 ft² c) 28 ft² d) 31 ft²

3.2 If an ion exchange water softener has 0.2 m' of ion-exchange resin with an exchange capacity of 75 kg/m³. The occupants use 2500 gallon/day of water. If the water contains 250 mg/L of hardness as CaCO, and it is desired to soften it to 90 mg/L as CaCO), what is the time between regeneration? a) 15 days b) 14 days c) 12 days d) 10 days

3.2 If an ion exchange water softener has 0.2 m' of ion-exchange resin with an exchange capacity of 75 kg/m³. The occupants use 2500 gallon/day of water. If the water contains 250 mg/L of hardness as CaCO, and it is desired to soften it to 90 mg/L as CaCO), what is the time between regeneration? a) 15 days b) 14 days c) 12 days d) 10 days

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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please provide step by step solutions and draw the lever on the graph as well. i know the answers. (c) About 1250 C (d) Fe3C, cementite (e) About 0.7 wt% C, about 72% (f) About 40%, no. (h) Draw the microstructure of a 1.5 wt.% C material that has been heated to 1200 C and then slowly cooled to 600 C. Clearly label all phases.
In the cement manufacturing process why is it important to pre-heat the mixture of raw materials before it is being entered into the rotary kiln? Discuss the chemical reaction that happens between the raw materials inside the rotary kiln
exp calculule % mass for the following Compourel са о 3.1% siog Fea Oz Al²O3 = 4.590 Mgo 0.8% = = 64.5% 23.4% 3.7% D. the compound that resposible for betting of Cement. 11 Sea Water resistance. Final strenght|-
8) For the following cements, answer the following questions: Cement A Cement B C3S (%) C2S (%) СЗА (%) Alkalis (%) SO3 (%) CaCO3 (%) Blaine fineness (m²/kg) Loss on ignition (%) Insoluble residue (%) *Other aspects of the cements are comparable to each other. 60 50 15 20 10 6 1 1 2.5 2.5 5 1 350 300 0.01 0.75 3 0.1 a) Which cement has high early strength? Briefly explain. b) Which cement would you use in an emergency repair? Briefly explain. c) Which cement would you use in a small retaining wall during a hot summer? Briefly explain. d) Which cement has higher sulfate resistance? Briefly explain. e) Which cement is stored improperly? Briefly explain f) During the production of which cement, the kiln reactions were almost complete? Briefly explain
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wood timber with a diameter of 1 inch has a moisture content of 5%. The fiber saturation point (FSP) for this wood is 28%. The wood shrinks or swells 1% in the radial direction for every 5% change in moisture content below FSP. a) What would be the percent change in the wood's diameter if the wood's moisture is increased to 43%? b) Would the wood swell or shrink? c) What would be the new diameter?
One common issue with air strippers is scaling due to hardness in the water. Please design an excess lime pre-treatment step to remove the water hardness (determine the softening chemical addition rates [mass/hour] of Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3) if the water chemistry is as follows [CO2] = 5 mg/l, [Ca2+] = 50 mg/L, [Mg2+] = 6.1 mg/L, [Na+] = 23 mg/L, [Alkalinity] = 150 mg/L and [SO42-] = 24 mg/L.
The loads which include the weight of the structural material and the stored products are called : a. ash loads b. dead loads c. live loads d. wind loads
11) The oxide compositions of two Portland cements are given in Table 1. a) Calculate the potential compound compositions of the Portland cements, the oxide compositions of which are given in Table 1. b) Determine (and explain) the most suitable Portland cement for the following applications: i. Concrete pipe exposed to sewage attack ii. Emergency repair iii. Mass concrete c) Considering the heats of hydration of the four main clinker compounds, estimate the total heat of hydration of PC1 and PC2. Table 1 Oxide (%, by mass) СаО (С) SiO2 (S) Al2O3 (A) Fe2O3 (F) SO3 (Š) Other PC1 PC2 66.2 63.2 20.7 23.4 6.4 4.9 3.1 5 2 1.6 1.5 Hint: %C3S = 4.071×C - 7.6xS - 6.718XA - 1.43×F - 2.852x5 %C2S=2.867×S - 0.7544×C3S %C3A=2.650×A - 1.692×F %C4AF=3.043×F
c) If the cement manufacturer wanted to produce a white Portland cement, whatchanges would be made in terms of sourcing raw materials?The molecular weight weights of the oxide components of Portland cement are:CaO = 56; SiO2 = 60; Al2O3 = 102; Fe2O3 = 160
Estimate the tensile strength required to prevent cracking in a concrete-like material that is cast into a bar, 500 mm long, and is fully restrained at each end against axial movement. The concrete is initially cast and cured at a temperature of 23°C and subsequently cools to a temperature of 10° C. Assume the modulus of elasticity is 32 GPa and the linear coefficient of thermal expansion is 0.00001 m/m/° C.