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You may only use selectors and constructors (introduced above) for this question. You may also use the distance function defined above. Remember, the point of data abstraction, as we've said, is that we do not need to know how an abstract data type is implemented, but rather just how we can interact with and use the data type. def closer_city (lat, lon, cityl, city2): """ Returns the name of either cityl or city2, whichever is closest to coordinate (lat, lon). HHH >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 37.87, 112.26) >>> stanford = make_city('Staniprd', 34.05, 118.25) >>> closer_city (38.33, 121.44, berkeley, stanford) 'Stanford' >>> bucharest = make_city('Bucharest', 44.43, 26.10) >>> vienna = make_city( 'Vienna', 48.20, 16.37) >>> closer_city (41.29, 174.78, bucharest, vienna) 'Bucharest' "*** YOUR CODE HERE *****" return

You may only use selectors and constructors (introduced above) for this question. You may also use the distance function defined above. Remember, the point of data abstraction, as we've said, is that we do not need to know how an abstract data type is implemented, but rather just how we can interact with and use the data type. def closer_city (lat, lon, cityl, city2): """ Returns the name of either cityl or city2, whichever is closest to coordinate (lat, lon). HHH >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 37.87, 112.26) >>> stanford = make_city('Staniprd', 34.05, 118.25) >>> closer_city (38.33, 121.44, berkeley, stanford) 'Stanford' >>> bucharest = make_city('Bucharest', 44.43, 26.10) >>> vienna = make_city( 'Vienna', 48.20, 16.37) >>> closer_city (41.29, 174.78, bucharest, vienna) 'Bucharest' "*** YOUR CODE HERE *****" return

Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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---for example, Data abstraction is a powerful concept in computer science that allows programmers to treat code as objects car objects, chair objects, people objects, etc. That way, programmers don't have to worry about how code is implemented they just have to know what it does. Data abstraction mimics how we think about the world. For example, when you want to drive a car, you don't need to know how the engine was built or what kind of material the tires are made of. You just have to know how to turn the wheel and press the gas pedal. An abstract data type consists of two types of functions: • Constructors: functions that build the abstract data type. • Selectors: functions that retrieve information from the data type. For example, say we have an abstract data type called city. This city object will hold the city's name, and its latitude and longitude. To create a city object, you'd use a constructor like city=make_city (name, lat, lon) To extract the information of a city object, you would use the selectors like get_name (city) get_lat (city) get_lon(city) For example, here is how we would use the make_city constructor to create a city object to represent Berkeley and the selectors to access its information. >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 122, 37) >>>get_name (berkeley) 'Berkeley' >>>get_lat (berkeley) >>>get_lon (berkeley) 122 37 Notice that we don't need to know how these functions were implemented. We are assuming that someone else has defined them for us. === It's okay if the end user doesn't know how functions were implemented. However, the functions still have to be defined by someone. We'll look into defining the constructors and selectors later in this discussion. Ques Ques Quest Politician Questi Submit
Transcribed Image Text:---for example, Data abstraction is a powerful concept in computer science that allows programmers to treat code as objects car objects, chair objects, people objects, etc. That way, programmers don't have to worry about how code is implemented they just have to know what it does. Data abstraction mimics how we think about the world. For example, when you want to drive a car, you don't need to know how the engine was built or what kind of material the tires are made of. You just have to know how to turn the wheel and press the gas pedal. An abstract data type consists of two types of functions: • Constructors: functions that build the abstract data type. • Selectors: functions that retrieve information from the data type. For example, say we have an abstract data type called city. This city object will hold the city's name, and its latitude and longitude. To create a city object, you'd use a constructor like city=make_city (name, lat, lon) To extract the information of a city object, you would use the selectors like get_name (city) get_lat (city) get_lon(city) For example, here is how we would use the make_city constructor to create a city object to represent Berkeley and the selectors to access its information. >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 122, 37) >>>get_name (berkeley) 'Berkeley' >>>get_lat (berkeley) >>>get_lon (berkeley) 122 37 Notice that we don't need to know how these functions were implemented. We are assuming that someone else has defined them for us. === It's okay if the end user doesn't know how functions were implemented. However, the functions still have to be defined by someone. We'll look into defining the constructors and selectors later in this discussion. Ques Ques Quest Politician Questi Submit
Implement closer_city, a function that takes a latitude, longitude, and two cities, and returns the name of the city that is relatively closer to the provided latitude and longitude. You may only use selectors and constructors (introduced above) for this question. You may also use the distance function defined above. Remember, the point of data abstraction, as we've said, is that we do not need to know how an abstract data type is implemented, but rather just how we can interact with and use the data type. def closer_city (lat, lon, cityl, city2): """ Returns the name of either cityl or city2, whichever is closest to coordinate (lat, lon). |||||| >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 37.87, 112.26) >>> stanford = make_city('Staníprd', 34.05, 118.25) >>> closer_city (38.33, 121.44, berkeley, stanford) 'Stanford' >>> bucharest = make_city('Bucharest', 44.43, 26.10) >>> vienna = make_city('Vienna', 48.20, 16.37) >>> closer_city (41.29, 174.78, bucharest, vienna) 'Bucharest' "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" return <REPLACE THIS>
Transcribed Image Text:Implement closer_city, a function that takes a latitude, longitude, and two cities, and returns the name of the city that is relatively closer to the provided latitude and longitude. You may only use selectors and constructors (introduced above) for this question. You may also use the distance function defined above. Remember, the point of data abstraction, as we've said, is that we do not need to know how an abstract data type is implemented, but rather just how we can interact with and use the data type. def closer_city (lat, lon, cityl, city2): """ Returns the name of either cityl or city2, whichever is closest to coordinate (lat, lon). |||||| >>> berkeley = make_city('Berkeley', 37.87, 112.26) >>> stanford = make_city('Staníprd', 34.05, 118.25) >>> closer_city (38.33, 121.44, berkeley, stanford) 'Stanford' >>> bucharest = make_city('Bucharest', 44.43, 26.10) >>> vienna = make_city('Vienna', 48.20, 16.37) >>> closer_city (41.29, 174.78, bucharest, vienna) 'Bucharest' "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" return <REPLACE THIS>
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Data Abstraction is an OOP concept that hides the background details. It shows only those pieces of information to the user which are most relevant for that specific process.

Abstraction can be implemented in the program through interface and classes.

 

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