You are studying a new operon that you have discovered in E. Coli that you have named the Late operon for its ability to help E. Coli grow and divide by feeding it Red Bull. You have
Q: Draw a picture illustrating the general structure of an operon and identify its parts.
A: BASIC INFORMATION OPERON The operon model was given by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod. This…
Q: A researcher was trying to determine whether two molecules (molecule A and molecule B) were co-…
A: CoRepressor - The function of the corepressor is to induce transcriptional silencing or to repress…
Q: Describe operons in your own words, as if you were explaining what an operon is to someone who knew…
A: DNA is the biomolecule which contains all biological information in an organisms . the part of the…
Q: Explain why large amounts of transcript result when a bacterium with a lac Operon is in a medium…
A: Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from DNA. The messenger RNA or mRNA…
Q: What turns the operon on when lactose is present?
A: An operon is defined as a functioning unit of DNA that contains a cluster or group of genes under…
Q: Compare and contrast the lac operon and trp operon of E. coli.
A: E.coli is a type of bacteria that is mostly found in the human intestine and gut of some animals. It…
Q: A mutation at the operator prevents the regulator protein from binding. What effect will this…
A: An operon includes a group of genes that have a common promoter, regulator, and would be transcribes…
Q: The lac operon of E. coli controls the expression of genes that code for enzymes involved in lactose…
A: The prokaryotic gene regulation is performed by the operon system. In this system the polycystronic…
Q: Compare and contrast the lac operon and repressible operon systems.
A: Expression of each and every gene is not always required in an organism. Gene expression must occur…
Q: E. coli has five genes that code for enzymes that make tryptophan. These genes are regulated by a…
A: When a group of related genes exist under the control of a single promoter, it is referred to as an…
Q: Which of the following is false when the genes of the Lac operon are being tran- scribed in high…
A: Lac operon is a set of genes used by E.coli to metabolize lactose when glucose is not available for…
Q: Define the term operon and explain one advantage it provides to a bacterial cell
A: The cells are the primary unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism may be prokaryotic…
Q: A bacterial cell is mutated and cannot create the repressor protein associated with the Lac operon.…
A: Lac operon is associated with uptake and metabolism of lactose. It has several components such as a…
Q: The trp operon is a repressible operon system. What does this mean?
A: Trp refers to tryptophan. The operon is the functional unit of Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) having…
Q: e following genetic and cellular conditions. You do not need to consider the role of CAP in your…
A: Upper operon - Is is super repressor. Once it is present in the sequence, it can not be removed. If…
Q: operon
A: Answer: Operon: In genetics, an operon is a functioning unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes…
Q: Study the illustration of the lac operon below. Normally, the genes are switched off when lactose is…
A: 1. When lactose is unavailable, the lac repressor binds strongly to the operator, inhibiting RNA…
Q: A bacterial cell has very low glucose and lactose is present. Explain how the lac operon will…
A: Lac Operon -- An operon is a functioning unit of genomic DNA which contains a group of genes…
Q: You are growing E. coli in a laboratory in order to study their operons. The growth media you are…
A: 1. What effect does lactose have on the bacterial cell’s lac operon? Answer:- It induces the operon,…
Q: Do you expect operons to occur extensively in Eukaryotes? Yes or no and explain.
A: Operons (clusters of co-regulated genes with related functions) are a well-known feature of…
Q: You are studying the ABCD operon from a newly isolated bacterium. Which of the following would…
A: A Operon consists of segments of DNA , which carry codes for the synthesis of proteins. These genes…
Q: E. coli has five genes that code for enzymes that make tryptophan. These genes are regulated by a…
A: Tryptophan operon found in E.coli and some other bacteria. It is group of genes which encodes for…
Q: I need help with answer 2 and 3
A: Ans. 2 promoter sequence
Q: Is the fox operon inducible or repressible?
A: Regulatory gene in the operon produces a protein which can act as either inhibitor or activator of…
Q: In E. coli, the trp operon is on by default, while the lac operon is off. Why do you think that this…
A:
Q: The transcription of many bacterial genes relies on functional groups called operons, such as the…
A: Turning/switching genes on and off is referred to as gene regulation. Cells start to take on…
Q: What is not a part of an operon?
A: Operon comprises all the genes that are involved in metabolic regulation. It is the unit of the gene…
Q: appropriate to use inducible operons? When is it appropriate to use repressible operons?
A: An operon is a collection of genes with similar functions that is managed by a single shared…
Q: A scientist has discovered a strain of bacteria that can convert ethanol to pyruvate when stimulated…
A: Solution 1) The repressor of this operon is functional It is active when ethanol is absent and…
Q: when tryptophan is present, what would happen to trp operon regulation
A: Introduction:- The trp operon is a collection of genes identified in E. coli bacteria that code for…
Q: For an enzyme to be produced from an inducible operon, the repressor must bind to and digest the…
A: The operon is defined as a set of genes transcribed together and is regulated by one promoter. The…
Q: The tryptophan operon is regulated by two methods. Describe in detail the regulation of the operon…
A: Genes are the functional unit of heredity. Operons are a group of genes under a single promoter. The…
Q: A mutation at the operator prevents the regulator protein from bindingWhat effect will this mutation…
A: A group of genes that are transcribed under a single promoter and an operator is referred to as…
Q: You are studying a bacterial plasmid that contains 3 operons and 9 genes. How many transcriptional…
A: In bacteria, similar and related genes are often found in a cluster on the chromosome, where they…
Q: The lac operon has which of the following characteristics? O 1) usually requires an activator…
A: In Eukaryotes all genes are separate and produce individual mRNAs on transcription. However, in…
Q: What is an operon? Describe the functions of regulators, promoters,and operators.
A: The structure responsible for the regulation of genes in order to synthesize the associated proteins…
Q: Would you expect to see attenuation in the lac operon and other operons that control the metabolism…
A: Lac operon contains genes that are involved in the lactose metabolism. It is expressed when lactose…
Q: The lac operon is an inducible operon. What does this mean?
A: Operons are the groups of genes related to a single pathway and controlled by a single promoter.…
Q: explain how the Lac operon gets turned on and off .
A: Introduction :- Three structural genes, as well as a promoter, a terminator, a regulator, and an…
Q: The trp operon is a repressible operon. A strain of e coli develops a mutation whereby the trp…
A: Repressible genes continues to express themselves till a chemical ( often an end product) inhibits…
Q: You have E. coli growing in HIGH lactose and HIGH glucose. You measure the amounts of protein and…
A: The E.coli is growing in a medium rich in lactose and Glucose both. There are two regulatory…
Q: Explain the steps in Trp Operon. Take note, important enzymes and chemicals are needed in your…
A: The trp operon is a group of genes that codes for the molecules that are responsible for the…
Q: Describe in details all the differences between The Trp Operon and the Lac Operon. Why one is always…
A: As operon is that the cluster of genes expressed along from single promoter and lac and trp area…
Q: If a particular operon encodes enzymes for making an essential amino acid is regulated like the trp…
A: The operon has five structural genes that code for the three enzymes required to convert chorismic…
Q: What is operon? How does the lac operon work?
A: A specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA is called DNA. It is a hereditary unit which is…
Q: A mutation occurs in the 5′ UTR of the trp operon that reduces the ability of region 2 to pair with…
A: In the absence of tryptophan, the trp operon would be expressed maximum as the trp repressor would…
Q: A mutation at the operator prevents the regulator protein from binding.What effect will this…
A: An operon is defined as a group of genes that have a common promoter and regulator and also…
Q: E. coli is given lactose as a nutrient source. This results in the activation of the lac operon only…
A: The solution to the above mentioned questions is as follows:
Q: Explain the steps in Lac Operon. Take note, important enzymes and chemicals are needed in your…
A: Operon is a coordinated group of genes (structural , operator & regulator ) that is designed to…
Q: What is the difference between the role of the operator and the role of the promoter in an operon
A: According to Jacob and monod concept, operon is a group of contiguous structural genes showing…
These are biochemistry questions:
Questions are part A and B.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images
- The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA. You are given a new strain of Escherichia coli with the following lac operon genotype: p+0°Z•Y*A +// P*O*Z*Y+ A- (i) Explain how the lac I gene affects gene expression. (ii) Explain the function of the lacP in the bacterial operon. (iii) Which part of the lac operon is cis-dominant? Explain.The trp operon in E. coli encodes enzymes essential for the biosynthesis of tryptophan. In the operon, trpR gene encodes the repressor. A trpR repressor cannot bind tryptophan. The trpO is the operator. trpA encodes the enzyme tryptophan synthetase. For the enzyme (A), indicate with a + or-whether or not it is made when there is tryptophan and when there is no tryptophan. Without Tryptophan With Tryptophan R'O A /R* O' A R'O' A/R* Oʻ A R*OA/R' O ASupply the words “off" or “on" in the blanks below: In an inducible operon, transcription is normally and must be turned In a repressible operon, transcription is normally and must be turned Briefly describe the overall function of the structural genes in the lac operon. Briefly describe the overall function of the structural genes in the trp operon. For the following descriptions of the bacterial lac operon, determine if lactose is present (P) or absent (A). The repressor is bound to the operator. The repressor is inactive. RNA polymerase transcribes the structural genes. Allolactose is bound to the repressor For the following descriptions of the bacterial trp operon, determine if tryptophan levels are high (H) or low (L). The repressor is bound to the operator. The repressor is inactive. RNA polymerase transcribes the structural genes. Tryptophan is bound to the repressor.
- The diagram below represents the tryptophan operon with the trp leader mRNA transcript enlarged to represent the AUG translation start codon, two consecutive tryptophan amino acid codons (UGGUGG), and 4 regions (1, 2, 3, and 4) that base pair to form different hairpin-loop structures in the mRNA leader region. Suppose a mutant bacteria has region 3 of the trp operon attenuator region mutated so that it cannot base pair normally. Would the bacteria grow in the absence of the amino acid tryptophan? (hint: in order for bacteria to grow in absence of tryptophan it should be able to synthesize its own tryptophan) Leader region trpE trpD trpC trpB trpA DNA 5' 3' Transcription trp leader sequence MRNA AUG UGGUGG UUUUUU 1 2 3 (tryptophan codons) There is insufficient information to answer the question. Yes No O OThe diagram below represents the tryptophan operon with the trp leader mRNA transcript enlarged to represent the AUG translation start codon, two consecutive tryptophan amino acid codons (UGGUGG), and 4 regions (1, 2, 3, and 4) that base pair to form different hairpin-loop structures in the MRNA leader region. Suppose a mutant bacteria has region 4 of the trp operon attenuator region mutated so that it cannot base pair normally. Would the bacteria grow in the absence of the amino acid tryptophan? (hint: in order for bacteria to grow in absence of tryptophan it should be able to synthesize its own tryptophan) Lead&r region trpE trpD trpC trpB trpA DNA 5' 3' Transcription trp leader sequence MRNA UGGUGG 1 (tryptophan codons) AUG UUUUUU No There is insutficient information to answer the question. O YesThe diagram below represents a hypothetical operon in the bacterium E. coli. The operon consists of two structural genes (A and B), which code for the enzymes “Aase" and "Base", respectively, and also includes P (promoter) and O (operator) regions as shown. A В When a certain compound (X) is added to the growth medium of E. coli, the separate enzymes "Aase" and "Base" are both synthesized at a 50-fold higher rate than in the absence of X. (X has a molecular weight of about 200.) Which of the following statements is true of the operon described above? The region of the A gene that codes for the carboxyl-terminal amino acid of “Aase" is near the left end of the A gene. The P region contains nucleotide sequences to which the RNA polymerase holoenzyme (including the o subunit) binds specifically but which the core enzyme does not recognize. The addition of X to the growth medium causes a repressor protein to bind tightly to the O region. The mRNA copied from this operon will be covalently…
- A number of mutations affect the expression of the lac operon in E. coli. The genotypes of several E. coli strains are shown below. ("+" indicates a wild-type gene with normal function and "-" indicates a loss-of-function allele.) Please predict which of the following strains would have the highest beta-galactosidase enzyme activity, when grown in the lactose medium. O CAP+ r* p* o* z O CAP* I P* o* z* O CAP* r* P O* z* O CAP I P* O z*To characterize the promoter of the gadA operon you made a series of deletion mutants removing pieces of the promoter to see what would happen. The results are found below: gad promoter gada gadX gadz 450 +1 lacz activity transcription start site pH 2.0 pH 7.0 A gad promoter beta-galactosidase (lacZ) +++ 450 gad promoter beta galactosidase (lacZ) +++ +++ 300 +1 gad promoter beta galactosidase (lacZ) 150 D gad beta galactosidase (lacz) -450 150 E gad promoter beta-galactosidase (lacZ) -450 -300 Based on these results, what can you conclude about the gad promoter? O a. The promoter is only regulated by repression Ob. The promoter is regulated by a mix of activation and repression O c. The promoter is only regulated by activation O d. The promoter has multiple operators and multiple enhancersImagine that a new strain of E. coli is discovered, and it contains the following novel genetic region including the lacI gene and the lac operon: *see image* Upstream of the promoter associated with the lac operon, there is a new operator element "Oν" (O-"nu"). This new operator has high sequence homology to O1, the DNA element that is bound with the highest affinity by the lac repressor. What would be the impact of this new genetic element regarding behavior of the operonin the absence (vs. the presence) of lactose and allolactose? Answer in terms of the protein levels of the lac repressor, as well as the proteins encoded by the genes lacZ/Y/A in the downstream region of the operon. Remember that proteins, once expressed/generated, will not persist forever, and that they have a natural lifetime (ending when they are degraded by the cell).
- Bacterial DNA containing an operon encoding three enzymes is introduced into chromosomal DNA in yeast (a eukaryote) in such a way that it is properly flanked by a promoter and a transcriptional terminator. The bacterial DNA is transcribed and the RNA correctly processed, but only the protein nearest the promoter is produced. Can you suggest why?Two closely linked open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified on the E. coli chromosome and they are predicted to encode genes sugX sugY which is involved in the catabolism (utilization) of a non-glucose sugar. In the figure below, the top line (with the big arrow) is the coding strand, and the bottom line is the non-coding (template) strand of the operon. Since the RNA sequence would be the “same” as the coding strand, please label (show the location of), in relation to the ORFs, the promoter(s) and 4 other genetic elements in this region that may be involved in the transcription and translation of sugX and sugY as well as the regulation of their expression. (Note: genetic elements are the regions of DNA or RNA.) If you are not comfortable with the coding strand of the DNA, feel free to draw the mRNA strand underneath and label the relevant features on the RNA strand, but the RNA strand must be aligned with the DNA strands in position and scale. Leader(s)/antileader(s) and…You are growing E. coli in a laboratory in order to study their operons. The growth media you are using contains lactose, no glucose and no tryptophan. Using your knowledge of operons and their regulation, answer the following questions I really need a in depth epxplantion for the queshtions to make sure i understand the answers a.What effect does lactose have on the bacterial cell’s lac operon? b.What does the absence of glucose do to the bacterial cell? c.You now add tryptophan to the cell. What would happen to the bacterial cell and its trp operon? d.What kind of regulation does lactose provide to an operon’s repressor?