women) was use Do you understand how the Nurses Health observational study of dietary fats was set up and carried out? Sort the statements into the appropriate bins depending on whether they represent factors that varied from participant to participant at the start of this study, factors that were consistent from the start of the study, and factors that were measured in the study. Reset Help

Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
Section: Chapter Questions
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This educational interface presents a study design template for analyzing various factors related to heart disease. Users are encouraged to categorize certain factors and outcomes within the framework of a study. 

**Factors and Outcomes to be Considered:** 
- Smoking status (smoking vs. non-smoking)
- Total food intake
- Percentage of different types of fats eaten
- Activity level
- Sex of participant
- Number of non-fatal heart attacks
- Deaths from coronary heart disease

**Study Framework:**

1. **Factor(s) that varied from the start of the study**  
   (To be filled by users with the factors that changed during the study.)

2. **Factor(s) kept consistent from the start of the study**  
   (To be filled by users with the factors that remained unchanged.)

3. **Outcome(s) measured in the study**  
   (To be filled by users with the specific outcomes that were tracked.)

Below these categories, there is an option for users to "Submit" their response or request additional information by selecting "Request Answer."
Transcribed Image Text:This educational interface presents a study design template for analyzing various factors related to heart disease. Users are encouraged to categorize certain factors and outcomes within the framework of a study. **Factors and Outcomes to be Considered:** - Smoking status (smoking vs. non-smoking) - Total food intake - Percentage of different types of fats eaten - Activity level - Sex of participant - Number of non-fatal heart attacks - Deaths from coronary heart disease **Study Framework:** 1. **Factor(s) that varied from the start of the study** (To be filled by users with the factors that changed during the study.) 2. **Factor(s) kept consistent from the start of the study** (To be filled by users with the factors that remained unchanged.) 3. **Outcome(s) measured in the study** (To be filled by users with the specific outcomes that were tracked.) Below these categories, there is an option for users to "Submit" their response or request additional information by selecting "Request Answer."
# Designing an Observational Study

Many scientific studies of dietary health effects are observational. Compared to experimental studies, observational studies can extend over a longer time period, use a more representative population, and measure disease outcomes in addition to risk factors for disease.

In an observational study, researchers enlist a study group, and use questionnaires and medical tests to quantify participants' health behaviors and status at the start of the study. The researchers continue to collect data on the participants over many years. Information about each participant's diet, lifestyle habits, risk factors, and disease outcomes are all recorded and analyzed.

A landmark study of this type—called the Nurses' Health Study—was begun in 1976 with more than 120,000 female nurses. Data from a subset of this group (80,082 women) was used to study dietary fat intake from 1980 to 1994. One goal of the study was to measure the effect of dietary trans fats on cardiovascular health.

Do you understand how the Nurses' Health observational study of dietary fats was set up and carried out?

**Sort the statements into the appropriate bins depending on whether they represent factors that varied from participant to participant at the start of this study, factors that were consistent from the start of the study, and factors that were measured in the study.**

[Buttons: Reset | Help]
Transcribed Image Text:# Designing an Observational Study Many scientific studies of dietary health effects are observational. Compared to experimental studies, observational studies can extend over a longer time period, use a more representative population, and measure disease outcomes in addition to risk factors for disease. In an observational study, researchers enlist a study group, and use questionnaires and medical tests to quantify participants' health behaviors and status at the start of the study. The researchers continue to collect data on the participants over many years. Information about each participant's diet, lifestyle habits, risk factors, and disease outcomes are all recorded and analyzed. A landmark study of this type—called the Nurses' Health Study—was begun in 1976 with more than 120,000 female nurses. Data from a subset of this group (80,082 women) was used to study dietary fat intake from 1980 to 1994. One goal of the study was to measure the effect of dietary trans fats on cardiovascular health. Do you understand how the Nurses' Health observational study of dietary fats was set up and carried out? **Sort the statements into the appropriate bins depending on whether they represent factors that varied from participant to participant at the start of this study, factors that were consistent from the start of the study, and factors that were measured in the study.** [Buttons: Reset | Help]
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