Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
Why are plasmids useful?
The bacterial population is characterized by the presence of an extrachromosomal, small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule and this structure is more precisely known as a plasmid. This structure is known to provide unique characteristics to the bacteria that include antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, and nitrogen fixation and are capable of replicating its own. Because of the aforementioned factors, plasmids are useful for bacteria.
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