Whom do Marx and Engels portray as the previous enemies of the bourgeoisie? How did bourgeois economic development and dominance lead to a society based on the “cash nexus”? Why is the bourgeoisie responsible for the emergence of the proletariat? Why is the victory of the proletariat inevitable?
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Whom do Marx and Engels portray as the previous enemies of the bourgeoisie? How did bourgeois economic development and dominance lead to a society based on the “cash nexus”? Why is the bourgeoisie responsible for the emergence of the proletariat? Why is the victory of the proletariat inevitable?
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles...
Our epoch, the epoch of the bourgeoisie, possesses, however, this distinctive feature: it has simplified the class antagonisms. Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat...
Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class...
The bourgeoisie, wherever it has gotten the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and has left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.”...
The proletariat goes through various stages of development. With its birth begins its struggle with the bourgeoisie...
But with the development of industry, the proletariat not only increases in number; it becomes concentrated in greater masses, its strength grows, and it feels that strength more. The various interests and conditions of life within the ranks of the proletariat are more and more equalized, in proportion as machinery obliterates all distinctions of labor, and nearly everywhere reduces wages to the same low level...
The bourgeoisie finds itself involved in a constant battle...
Of all the classes that stand face to face with the bourgeoisie today, the proletariat alone is a really revolutionary class...
All previous historical movements were movements of minorities, or in the interest of minorities. The proletarian movement is the self-conscious, independent movement of the immense majority, in the interest of the immense majority...
The advance of industry, whose involuntary promoter is the bourgeoisie, replaces the isolation of the laborers, due to competition, by their revolutionary combination, due to association. The development of Modern Industry, therefore, cuts from under its feet the very foundation on which the bourgeoisie produces and appropriates products. What the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable...
The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.
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