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Which type of cytokine is used to treat anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease?
- a-Interferon
- Interleukin-2
- Interleukin-11|
- Erythropoietin
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- Therapeutic agents are currently being investigated that block the action of selectins in order to prevent the pathological effects resulting from leukocyte entry into sites of inflammation. These agents are molecules that inhibit selectin. Describe molecules that might be effective. (Information: Glycoproteins are an important class of proteins. There are many families of glycoproteins: lectins and selectins are examples.)Explain the sequence of stages involved in leukocyte recruitment into tissues during inflammation : Rolling, activation and extravasation]Describe stages for the extravasation of neutrophils during inflammation. Include in your description the roles played by selectins and integrins.
- Order the following extravasation-related events as they occur. Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds E-selectin neutrophil extravasates through vascular endothelium into ECM Neutrophil senses inflammatory cytokine Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds P-selectin leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and CR3 bind ICAM-1 on the endotheliumWhat is y-interferon?Major histocompatibility proteins (MHC) presented with an antigen: are recognized by T lymphocytes both may be expressed by any nucleated cell and are recognized by T lymphocytes both may be expressed by any nucleated cell and are recognized by B lymphocytes may be expressed by any nucleated cell are recognized by B lymphocytes
- What is MHC? List the specific cells that have MHC presentation and describe their role in the immune response.Make an illustration that connects the events in inflammation mediated by chemical substances. Use the following words to come up with the output connected by arrows. 1. Modified proteins 16. C142356789 2. Kininogen 3. Prostaglandins 4. Clotting system 5. Antigen 17. Kallikrein 18. Platelets 19. Serotonin 20. Kinins 21. C1423 22. Anaphylotoxins 6. Lysosomal enzymes 7. Antibody 8. C1 9. Kallikreinogen 23. Chemotactic factor 24. Serum factors 10. C142 25. C14235 11. Antigen/Antibody 12. Cells migration 26. C1423567 27. Injurious stimuli 13. Histamine 28. Acute inflammation 14. Plasmin system 29. Increased vascular permeability 15. C3 30. Chronic inflammationMatch the term with its description. interferon response apoptosis extravasation respiratory burst acute-phase response Drag answer here. Drag answer here Drag answer here Drag answer here Drag answer here temporary rise in oxygen consumption and toxic oxygen species production a notable rise or reduction of plasma proteins in response to IL-6 cellular suicide characterized by DNA fragmentation stimulates inhibition of viral replication migration of neutrophils into inflamed tissues
- Why do antibodies against cell surface antigens often produce pathological reactions while antibodies against intracellular antigens do not?Why is it important to monitor the T lymphocytes in someone with AIDS?Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency LAD is an inherited disease which results in the inability of neutrophils to recognize complement bound microorganisms, What is complement and why is it important, and what are the most likely consequences of LAD?
