Describe the structure and basic functions of the five major typesof immunoglobulins.

Q: Explain the functions  of Immunoglobulins ?

A: Immunoglobulin’s are group of proteins that transmits signal for immune response. These proteins…

Q: Use igG as example to describe the relationship between the structure and function in…

A: Antibodies are glycoproteins also known as immunoglobulins (Ig).  It is Y shaped in a structure…

Q: Identify and describe important targeted ISGs (interferon-stimulated genes)

A: Interferons stimulated genes are the genes which are stimulated when a particular pathogen specially…

Q: Describe and explain antigen processing and peptide presentation in MHC I and MHC II. Include a…

A: Given: Need to explain antigen processing and peptide presentation in MHC I and MHC II. Include a…

Q: List the four general properties of adaptive immunity.

A: Introduction: An immune system is a huge organization of cells and tissues that is continually…

Q: Describe the structure of an immunoglobulin molecule, and namethe five major types of…

A: Step 1 Antibodies are glycoproteins, called immunoglobulins that inactivate the antigen through…

Q: List the three components of innate immunity.

A: Innate immunity can be defined as the immunity which is present in the body by birth. It is an…

Q: Define the key components that make up the innate immune system (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils,…

A: A key component of the innate immune system- Macrophage- Derived from blood monocyte and are…

Q: Name five cell types involved in innate immunity and themajor functions of each.

A: Immunity is the ability of body to fight with the foreign particle which enters into the body.…

Q: How do cytokine barrier provide innate immunity in human ?

A: Introduction :- Immunity that is innate, or nonspecific, is a protective system that you were born…

Q: Describe the six steps in antigen processing and presentation via the class I MHC pathway.

A: Antigen processing or the cytosolic pathway is the immunological process that prepares antigens for…

Q: Explain how the structures of different immunoglobulinsallow predictions to be made about their…

A: the antibody is a Y-shaped molecule with two identical antigen-binding sites it is a heterodimer it…

Q: List the steps of MHC class I peptide formation and assembly.

A: Introduction: Membrane-bound glycoproteins that are closely linked to one another in terms of both…

Q: Identify the two forms of active immunity and the two forms of passive immunity.

A: Immunology is a part of science that covers the investigation of resistant frameworks on the whole…

Q: Describe three effector actions of innate immunity.

A: Immunity is defined as the capacity of an organism to resist the attack of foreign pathogens. It is…

Q: Describe the two types of acquired immunity.

A: Immunity is the state of protection against any foreign organism or substances (antigens). Mainly…

Q: What types of antigens are displayed by MHCclass I molecules? By MHC class II molecules?

A: An antigen is a substance that allows the immune system to generate antibodies against it. This…

Q: Explain what is meant by serotype-specific immunity.

A: Immunity is a complex biological phenomenon to different between self and nonself or foreign…

Q: Name three kinds of blood cells that function in nonspecific immunity and the most important…

A: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin that attaches oxygen molecules and transport them all over the…

Q: Illustrate the structure of Immunoglobulins ?

A: The immune system of the body is involved in protecting the body against various pathogens. White…

Q: How is long-lasting immunity achieved in cell-mediatedimmunity?

A: Human body has an extremely well developed immune system for the protection against pathogens. Human…

Q: Describe in detail the mechanism of Cell Mediated Immunity?

A: Cell-mediated immunity is an immune reaction that doesn't include antibodies.  Cell-mediated…

Q: An infant appears healthy until about 9 months of age, when he develops severe bacterial infections,…

A: Immune system:-Body's defense against infections-The immune system helps in fighting against germs…

Q: Name three key characteristics of adaptive immunity.

A: When adaptive immune system recognizes something particle as foreign, it acts to immobilize,…

Q: Describe the role of IgM in immunity.

A: Natural immunoglobulin M is a pentameric, polyreactive antibody produced by the b1 B cells. This…

Q: List the steps of MHC class II peptide formation and assembly.

A: MHC promotes the preferred presentation of peptides with high affinities for binding, peptide…

Q: Differentiate between humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immunities. Describe how both immunities…

A: In the immune system, there are two types of immunity which are present. One is innate immunity,…

Q: Differentiate the roles of the 5 different classes of antibodies that comprise the…

A: An antibody, also known as immunoglobulin, is a protective protein produced by the immune system in…

Q: Describe the function of major histocompatibilitycomplex (MHC) molecules in immunity.

A: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large gene cluster on vertebrate DNA that codes for…

Q: Describe the characteristics that make specific immunity unique.

A: Adaptive immunity is a type of immune response which involves specialized immune cells that attack…