Which of the following represents a true experiment designed to evaluate a cause-and-effect relationship between the brain and cognition? Select all that apply. a. A study in which a researcher asks participants to complete a survey about illicit drug use, where all drugs are known to interact with the nervous system. b. A study in which a researcher administers specific doses of an anti-anxiety drug (a neurodepressant) to different groups of participants and then administers an anxiety test every two weeks. c. A study in which a researcher measures neural activity in the frontal cortex of participants while they read a psychology journal article and correlates the activity with a measure of intelligence. d. A study in which a researcher induces lesions in the brains of some rats and compares their performance in a maze to the performance of rats without lesions. e. A study in which a researcher asks all participants to report how much caffeine they drink on a daily basis and then administer a single test of attention.
Which of the following represents a true experiment designed to evaluate a cause-and-effect relationship between the brain and cognition? Select all that apply.
a. A study in which a researcher asks participants to complete a survey about illicit drug use, where all drugs are known to interact with the nervous system.
b. A study in which a researcher administers specific doses of an anti-anxiety drug (a neurodepressant) to different groups of participants and then administers an anxiety test every two weeks.
c. A study in which a researcher measures neural activity in the frontal cortex of participants while they read a psychology journal article and correlates the activity with a measure of intelligence.
d. A study in which a researcher induces lesions in the brains of some rats and compares their performance in a maze to the performance of rats without lesions.
e. A study in which a researcher asks all participants to report how much caffeine they drink on a daily basis and then administer a single test of attention.
The experimental method is often employed by psychologists to establish causal relationships between variables. In a true experiment, there is the independent variable or IV, the one which is manipulated by the experimenter. Then, there is the dependent variable or DV, the one which is measured. There are two groups - experimental group and the control group. The experimental group receives the IV, whilst the control group does not. So, any differences in the DV between the experimental and control groups is attributed to the IV.
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