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- I Review Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (OMIM 300322) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder that produces severe mental retardation, spastic cerebral palsy, and self- mutilation. Part A What is the probability that the first son of a woman whose brother has Lesch-Nyhan syndrome will be affected? Express your answer as a fraction (example 1/16). Submit Request Answer Part B If the first son of the woman described in (a) is affected, what is the probability that her second son is affected? Express your answer as a fraction (example 1/16). Submit Request AnswerThe maternal-effect mutation bicoid (bcd) is recessive. Inthe absence of the bicoid protein product, embryogenesis isnot completed. Consider a cross between a female heterozygousfor the bicoid mutation (bcd+/ bcd-) and a homozygousmale(bcd-/ bcd-). Predict the outcome (normal vs. failed embryogenesis) inthe F1 and F2 generations of the cross described.The maternal-effect mutation bicoid (bcd) is recessive. Inthe absence of the bicoid protein product, embryogenesis isnot completed. Consider a cross between a female heterozygousfor the bicoid mutation (bcd+/ bcd-) and a homozygousmale(bcd-/ bcd-). How is it possible for a male homozygous for the mutationto exist?
- Name: 2. Some ladybugs have 10 black spots on their shells and some have 4. When true breeding 10 spot individuals are crossed with true breeding 4 spot individuals, the offspring have 7 spots. a. Propose two distinct explanations for this finding. Explain the nature of spot inheritance in each case. D. rew bacteria erred them figure above would of14N7 then ely 2 moldon omrod abitqaq ratlsmmem sge of delw toiisoibom s s neu not oomod aid to soubnup ogusl onomod odi to slevel ismon oouborg o o consu ud od souboini bluow uoy dairlw yd za00oq sdi mialex b. Propose an experiment that would distinguish between these possibilities. sor proieinsISlate edu/ d2l/le/content/5003190/viewContent/44248878/View Google Tranx 4 My Drive-G X 4. Suppose that a parent Drosophila is e ca* ca The gamete frequency is as follows: e'ca e ca 16% e'ca е са 31% 14% 29% a. Circle the recombinant gametes. b. What is the map distance between the ebony and claret genes?X- linked inheritance I only need the #20
- The XG locus on the human X chromosome has twoalleles, XG+ and XG. The XG+ allele causes the presence of the Xg surface antigen on red blood cells,while the recessive XG allele does not allow antigento appear. The XG locus is 10 m.u. from the STSlocus. The STS+ allele produces normal activity ofthe enzyme steroid sulfatase, while the recessive STSallele results in the lack of steroid sulfatase activityand the disease ichthyosis (scaly skin). A man withichthyosis and no Xg antigen has a normal daughterwith Xg antigen. This daughter is expecting a child.a. If the child is a son, what is the probability he willlack Xg antigen and have ichthyosis?b. What is the probability that a son would have boththe antigen and ichthyosis?c. If the child is a son with ichthyosis, what is theprobability he will have Xg antigen?Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in Males and Females Males have only one X chromosome and therefore only one copy of all genes on the X chromosome. Each gene is directly expressed, thus providing the basis of hemizygosity in males. Females have two X chromosomes, but one is always inactivated. Therefore, females, like males, have only one functional copy of all the genes on the X chromosome. Again, each gene must be directly expressed. Why, then, are females not considered hemizygous, and why are they not afflicted with sex-linked recessive diseases as often as males are?n corn, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. This phenotype renders the male part of the corn plants (i.e the tassel) unable to produce fertile pollen; the female parts, however, remain receptive to pollination by pollen from male fertile corn plants. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene F restores fertility to male sterile lines sing the cardboard chips, simulate the crosses indicated below. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offsprings in each cross, and properly label the nucleus and the cytoplasm of each individual in the cross Legend male sterile cytoplasm Male fertile cytoplasm FF nucleus Ff nucleus ff nucleus A. Male sterile female x FF male Explain the phenotype of the offspring B. Male sterile female x Ff male Explain the phenotype of the offspring
- Epistasis: 1) In violets, purple flower color (P) is dominant over white (p), but there is also a gene that determines if that pigment will be expressed in the petals of the flower. If the plant is “cc” then the purple pigment is not expressed in the petals of the flower, and the flower will be white anyway. a. A plant homozygous for both the purple flower and the control gene is crossed with a plant with white flowers and non-expressed pigment. What is the phenotype and genotype of the offspring in this cross? b. If the plants generated in “A” are allowed to self-pollinate, what is the expected phenotypic rations of the resulting offspring?A female patient 19 years old, whose symptoms areanemia and internal bleeding due to a massive buildupof leukemic white blood cells, is diagnosed withchronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Karyotypeanalysis shows that the leukemic cells of this patientare heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 9 and 22. However, none of thenormal, nonleukemic cells of this patient contain thetranslocation. Which of the following statements istrue and which is false?a. The translocation results in the inactivation (loss offunction) of a tumor-suppressor gene.b. The translocation results in the inactivation (loss offunction) of an oncogene.c. There is a 50% chance that any child of this patientwill have CML.d. This patient is a somatic mosaic in terms of thekaryotype.e. DNA extracted from leukemic cells of this patient,if taken up by normal mouse tissue culture cells,could potentially transform the mouse cells intocells capable of causing tumors.f. The normal function of the…Spherocytosis is an inherited blood disease in whichthe erythrocytes (red blood cells) are spherical insteadof biconcave. This condition can be inherited in adominant fashion, with ANK1 (the nonfunctional mutant allele) dominant to ANK1+. In people with spherocytosis, the spleen recognizes the spherical redblood cells as defective and removes them from thebloodstream, leading to anemia. The spleen in different people removes the spherical erythrocytes withdifferent efficiencies. Some people with sphericalerythrocytes suffer severe anemia and some mild anemia, yet others have spleens that function so poorly nosymptoms of anemia exist at all. When 2400 peoplewith the genotype ANK1 ANK1+ were examined, itwas found that all of them had spherical erythrocytes,2250 had anemia of varying severity, and 150 had nosymptoms. (Assume that ANK1 ANK1 homozygotesdo not exist.)a. Does this description of people with spherocytosisrepresent incomplete penetrance, variable expressivity, or both? Explain…