When is fatty acid synthesis highest?When there is excess acetyl CoA in the mitochondria.When nutrients such as glucose is plentiful, i.e. in the fedstate.When the ratio [NADPH]/[NADP] is highWhen glycolysis is at its optimum rate.When ATP levels are high

Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. The precursor molecule in the fatty acid…

Answered: When is fatty acid synthesis highest?…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Why would LDH be up- or down-regulated depending on location of cancer cells? Anaerobic cancer cells enhance rates of ATP production and rely on pyruvate to lactate conversion. LDH5 expressed can vary in favoring pyruvate for conversion to lactate (anaerobic metabolism). Aerobic compartments in newly formed fibrobasts and vessels use lactate to convert to pyruvate for oxidative phosphorylation and favor lactate conversion to pyruvate by LDH1 (aerobic metabolism). Lactate dehydrogenase is upregulated in both cancer cells and supporting stroma and vessels, thus only LDH5 is upregulated showing enhanced expression levels and thus presence at the plasma membrane to increase levels of lactate for export, LDH1 levels are always consistent. LDH1 is upregulated in response to the export of lactate by MCT1, while LDH5 is down-regulated Neither LDH1 or LDH5 are both consistently expressed, regardless of oxygen levels
Suppose that each fatty acid in a triglyceride can be converted into 8 molecules of acetyl CoA. How many ATP could be generated by breaking down one molecule of this triglyceride? Assume 3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH2.
Which of the following is TRUE? O Both AMP and ADP are negative regulators of glycogenolysis. ATP shifts the curve of glycogen phosphorylase to the left. O Citrate binds covalently to acetyl CoA carboxylase. Phosphofructokinase-1 is an allosterically regulated enzyme in glycolysis. The carnitine shuttle is positively regulated by Malonyl CoA.
Why does epinephrine stimulate glycolysis? I know why epinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis which is to release glucose stores. But epinephrine stimulating glycolysis seems counterintuitive as it would synthesize less glucose and more pyruvate?
Breakdown of fatty acids for energy produces two-carbon fragments that are converted to acetyl CoA molecules. How would these molecules be metabolized in aerobic cellular respiration? They would directly enter the energy-yielding phase of glycolysis. They would directly enter the electron transport chain. They would directly enter the citric acid cycle. They would be fermented in the cytoplasm. They would be converted to pyruvate and then undergo pyruvate oxidation upon transport into mitochondria.
The metabolic function of the pentose phosphate pathway is: act as a source of ADP biosynthesis provide intermediates for the citric acid cycle. generate NADPH and pentoses for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and nucleic acids. O participate in oxidation-reduction reactions during the formation of H2O.
Which of the following conditions must be met within the cell In order for the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase to be activated? Select all that apply. NADP+ levels must be high Phosphofructokinase must be in the activated R-state Beta-oxidation of fatty acids happening in the mitochondrial matrix AMP levels must be high ATP levels must be high
Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to the activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase? High concentrations of acetyl-CoA High concentrations of NADH High concentrations of NAD+ High concentrations of CO2
Assume that the following fatty acid is synthesized from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol by fatty acidsynthase. Which of the following statements is true? The last two carbon atoms that are added to the fatty acid are carbon atoms #15 and #16 Synthesis of the fatty acid needs 8 molecules of NADPH + H+ Both A and B Neither A nor B
Which of the following statements are True as to the location in pyruvate of labeled carbons if glucose molecules labeled (in separate experiments) with 14C (radioactive carbon) at each position of the carbon skeleton proceed through the Glycolytic pathway. Multiple answers:Multiple answers are accepted for this question a The carboxyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 3 of glucose. b The keto carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 2 of glucose. c The methyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 1 of glucose. d The carboxyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 4 of glucose. e The keto carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 5 of glucose. f The methyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 6 of glucose. g The carboxyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 2 of glucose. h The keto carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 3 of glucose. i The methyl carbon of pyruvate derives from carbon 4 of glucose.

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When is fatty acid synthesis highest? When there is excess acetyl CoA in the mitochondria. When nutrients such as glucose is plentiful, i.e. in the fed state. When the ratio [NADPH]/[NADP] is high When glycolysis is at its optimum rate.