Directions:("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1.The sale of indulgences by the Catholfe Church led to the creation of the Lutheran faith. Martin Luther, a Catholle monk posted the 95 Theses on a church door in Wittenberg. Germany, in 1517, criticizing the corruption he saw in the Church. The 95 Theses were widely distributed and gained a large following of discontent believers. Luther developed a theology that emphasized faith alone as the source of forgiveness, and that the Bible was the only source of religious truth, accessible to all people without the help of the Catholic clergy. The Pope's response led to Luther's excommunication in 1521 and the birth of Lutheranism. Over time, much of northern Germany and Scandinavia became Lutheran after much violence. 1. What was the short and long term impact of Martin Luther's 95 thesis? 2.Calvinism, a new Christian faith, was born from John Calvin's publication of "Institutes of the Christian Religion" in 1536. Calvin believed that humanity was sinful by nature and that God had already chosen who would achieve salvation. He believed that the "elect" should form a sin-free community and helped build one in Geneva. This success inspired others to spread Calvinism, leading to the formation of the Presbyterians in Scotland, the Huguenots in France, and the Puritans in England. 2.In what ways did Calvinism differ from Catholicism and Lutheranism? 3. Henry VIll left the Catholic Church for political and personal reasons. He wanted to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon but the pope refused. Henry asked the English Parliament to end the pope's authority and grant him the right to divorce Catherine. In 1533, he divorced Catherine and married Anne Boleyn. The English Parliament made Henry the head of the church of England and ended England's association with the Catholic Church. Anne Boleyn was beheaded and Henry married three more women but none of them had children. 3. If the Catholic church and the Pope had complete authority, what can you deduce about the shift in power once the English Parliament made King Henry VIll the head of the church in England? 4. Henry VIll's death in 1547 led to the throne being passed to his 9-year-old son Edward, who was very ill and died six years later Mary, a Catholic, then became queen and tried to restore Catholicism, but her reign ended with her death in 1558. Elizabeth, a Protestant, took the throne and established the Anglican Church as a compromise between Catholics and Protestants. This compromise included elements of Catholicism, but services were in English and the Bible was translated into English, which was important to Protestants. This secured Protestantism in England. 4. How was Queen Elizabeth able to end the religious turmoil in England? 5.The Catholic Church responded to the spread of Protestantism in Europe with the Counter Reformation. This movement aimed to clarify church doctrine, increase membership, and reduce corruption. The pope authorized the creation of the Jesuit order, which established schools to improve the quality of the clergy, organized missions to convert non-Christians, and slowed the spread of Protestantism. In 1545, the pope called the Council of Trent, where Catholic bishops and cardinals discussed a unified response to the Protestant threat. The council concluded that established Church doctrine was illegitimate and corrupt, including the sale of indulgences, was a problem. The Counter Reformation secured Catholicism in Southern Europe and slowed the spread of the Protestant Reformation 5. How did the Catholic church respond to the Reformation? Were their efforts successful? Why or why not?

Directions:("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1.The sale of indulgences by the Catholfe Church led to the creation of the Lutheran faith. Martin Luther, a Catholle monk posted the 95 Theses on a church door in Wittenberg. Germany, in 1517, criticizing the corruption he saw in the Church. The 95 Theses were widely distributed and gained a large following of discontent believers. Luther developed a theology that emphasized faith alone as the source of forgiveness, and that the Bible was the only source of religious truth, accessible to all people without the help of the Catholic clergy. The Pope's response led to Luther's excommunication in 1521 and the birth of Lutheranism. Over time, much of northern Germany and Scandinavia became Lutheran after much violence. 1. What was the short and long term impact of Martin Luther's 95 thesis? 2.Calvinism, a new Christian faith, was born from John Calvin's publication of "Institutes of the Christian Religion" in 1536. Calvin believed that humanity was sinful by nature and that God had already chosen who would achieve salvation. He believed that the "elect" should form a sin-free community and helped build one in Geneva. This success inspired others to spread Calvinism, leading to the formation of the Presbyterians in Scotland, the Huguenots in France, and the Puritans in England. 2.In what ways did Calvinism differ from Catholicism and Lutheranism? 3. Henry VIll left the Catholic Church for political and personal reasons. He wanted to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon but the pope refused. Henry asked the English Parliament to end the pope's authority and grant him the right to divorce Catherine. In 1533, he divorced Catherine and married Anne Boleyn. The English Parliament made Henry the head of the church of England and ended England's association with the Catholic Church. Anne Boleyn was beheaded and Henry married three more women but none of them had children. 3. If the Catholic church and the Pope had complete authority, what can you deduce about the shift in power once the English Parliament made King Henry VIll the head of the church in England? 4. Henry VIll's death in 1547 led to the throne being passed to his 9-year-old son Edward, who was very ill and died six years later Mary, a Catholic, then became queen and tried to restore Catholicism, but her reign ended with her death in 1558. Elizabeth, a Protestant, took the throne and established the Anglican Church as a compromise between Catholics and Protestants. This compromise included elements of Catholicism, but services were in English and the Bible was translated into English, which was important to Protestants. This secured Protestantism in England. 4. How was Queen Elizabeth able to end the religious turmoil in England? 5.The Catholic Church responded to the spread of Protestantism in Europe with the Counter Reformation. This movement aimed to clarify church doctrine, increase membership, and reduce corruption. The pope authorized the creation of the Jesuit order, which established schools to improve the quality of the clergy, organized missions to convert non-Christians, and slowed the spread of Protestantism. In 1545, the pope called the Council of Trent, where Catholic bishops and cardinals discussed a unified response to the Protestant threat. The council concluded that established Church doctrine was illegitimate and corrupt, including the sale of indulgences, was a problem. The Counter Reformation secured Catholicism in Southern Europe and slowed the spread of the Protestant Reformation 5. How did the Catholic church respond to the Reformation? Were their efforts successful? Why or why not?