If you can, answer both but if you can only answer one then do question 2 please **1819: Simon Bolivar Crosses the Andes**In 1819, the War of Independence in Northern South America was at a standstill. Venezuela was exhausted from a decade of war, as patriot and royalist warlords had reached an impasse. Simón Bolívar, known as "the Liberator", devised a seemingly suicidal plan: he would lead his 2,000-man army across the formidable Andes, launching a surprise attack on the Spanish in New Granada (Colombia), where a small Spanish army held the region unopposed. This epic crossing of the frozen Andes would prove to be his most ingenious maneuver during the war.**Crossing the Andes:**Bolívar’s intentions were clear: his army, already weakened by the elements, would brave the frigid Andes Mountains. Some supporters abandoned him: José Antonio Páez, one of Bolívar's top commanders, tried to mutiny and left with most of the cavalry. Despite this, Bolívar retained the loyalty of many, who promised to follow him anywhere.**Untold Suffering:**The journey was brutal. Bolívar’s soldiers, many of whom were barely dressed, succumbed to exposure. Food was scarce, forcing them to eat raw meat, and poor weather tormented them with wind, hail, and snow. By the time they crossed the pass into New Granada, 2,000 men and women had perished.**What happened?**The battle that followed was swift, lasting only two hours: over two hundred royalists were killed and 1,600 captured, including Barreiro and his senior officers. The patriots suffered minimal losses, with only 13 killed and 53 wounded. This overwhelming victory allowed Bolívar to march unopposed into Bogota. New Granada was liberated, and with new resources at his disposal, Bolívar prepared to advance and attack Spanish forces in Ecuador and Peru.**Multiple Choice Questions:****MC #1:**Simón Bolívar and Toussaint L’Ouverture are important in Latin American history because they were A) 20th-century caudillos B) leaders of liberation movements C) members of the Organization of American States (OAS) D) winners of the Nobel Peace Prize **MC #2:**What was one effect of the Latin American revolutions of the 19th century? A) Democracy became the dominant political system in Latin America. B) European colonial

What was one effect of the Latin American revolutions of the 19th century? A) Democracy became the dominant political system in Latin America. B) European colonialism replaced the independent governments of Latin America. C) Many Latin American countries achieved independence. D) Countries in Latin America deported most people with European ancestry.

What was one effect of the Latin American revolutions of the 19th century? A) Democracy became the dominant political system in Latin America. B) European colonialism replaced the independent governments of Latin America. C) Many Latin American countries achieved independence. D) Countries in Latin America deported most people with European ancestry.