Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
What is the difference between the cloned animal and nuclear donor in terms of X chromosome inactivation?
X chromosome inactivation, also known as lyonization is a process by which female mammals transcriptionally silence one X chromosome out of the two X chromosomes. The inactivated X chromosome will then condense into a compact and dense structure which is known as the Barr body. X chromosome inactivation will take place when RNA, which is formed by transcription from the Xist gene that was present on the X chromosome will further, spread to coat the whole X chromosome.
Cloning is a complex process that is used to exactly copy the genetic traits of the donor animal. In cloning, a mature somatic cell is removed from the donor and the DNA of the donor somatic cell is put into an oocyte that has had its own DNA containing nucleus removed.
Cloned animals are thought of as the identical twins of the nuclear donor. But the difference between them is that cloned animals can undergo X chromosome inactivation during the embryonic development stage whereas the nuclear donor selected for cloning will not have X chromosome inactivation so as to increase the chances of the clone being free from the inactivated X chromosome.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
