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What is the difference between -OH and OH-?

What is the difference between -OH and OH-?

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**Question: What is the difference between —OH and OH?** **Explanation:** When considering the functional groups and chemical entities in organic chemistry and biochemistry: 1. **—OH Group:** - This is known as the hydroxyl group. - It is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-OH). - The hydroxyl group is commonly found in alcohols and phenols, and it is characteristic of many organic compounds. - In the context of organic molecules, the hydroxyl group is usually bonded to a carbon atom. 2. **OH Molecule:** - This can refer to the hydroxide ion (OH⁻) in inorganic chemistry. - The hydroxide ion is negatively charged and is formed when an oxygen atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom, coupled with an additional electron (giving it a negative charge). - Hydroxide ions are common in bases and play a crucial role in acid-base chemistry. **Summary:** The primary difference is that the **—OH group** refers to a functional group bonded to a carbon atom within an organic molecule (neutral charge), while the **OH** (often denoted as **OH⁻**) usually refers to a hydroxide ion that is commonly found in inorganic bases (negatively charged).
Transcribed Image Text:**Question: What is the difference between —OH and OH?** **Explanation:** When considering the functional groups and chemical entities in organic chemistry and biochemistry: 1. **—OH Group:** - This is known as the hydroxyl group. - It is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-OH). - The hydroxyl group is commonly found in alcohols and phenols, and it is characteristic of many organic compounds. - In the context of organic molecules, the hydroxyl group is usually bonded to a carbon atom. 2. **OH Molecule:** - This can refer to the hydroxide ion (OH⁻) in inorganic chemistry. - The hydroxide ion is negatively charged and is formed when an oxygen atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom, coupled with an additional electron (giving it a negative charge). - Hydroxide ions are common in bases and play a crucial role in acid-base chemistry. **Summary:** The primary difference is that the **—OH group** refers to a functional group bonded to a carbon atom within an organic molecule (neutral charge), while the **OH** (often denoted as **OH⁻**) usually refers to a hydroxide ion that is commonly found in inorganic bases (negatively charged).
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