Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
Related questions
Question
What is the name of the nitrogenous base?
Transcribed Image Text:This image depicts the chemical structure of a nucleotide, specifically adenosine monophosphate (AMP). It consists of three main components:
1. **Phosphate Group (PO₄³⁻):**
- Located on the left side of the diagram.
- Features a central phosphorus atom (P) bonded to four oxygen atoms (O), with one of the bonds being a double bond. One of the oxygen atoms carries a negative charge, indicating its ionized state.
2. **Pentose Sugar (Ribose):**
- Situated in the middle of the structure.
- Includes a five-carbon sugar ring, with each carbon atom attached to hydrogen atoms (H) and hydroxyl groups (OH) at specific positions.
3. **Adenine Base:**
- Positioned on the right side of the diagram.
- Composed of a two-ring structure with the following atoms:
- Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) form a heterocyclic aromatic ring.
- An amino group (NH₂) is attached to one of the rings, characteristic of adenine.
This diagram represents the combined structure of these three components, forming a nucleotide which plays a crucial role in energy transfer and genetic coding within biological systems.
Expert Solution
Step 1
Nitrogenous base is the part of DNA nucleotide. A DNA nucleotide is made up of a nitrogen is base, a phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar which is a pentose sugar. Nitrogenous bases are of two types- purines and pyrimidines. Pyrimidines are of two types. Purines are of two types adenine and guanine and pyrimidines are also of two types cytosine and thymine.
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