What does this following statment mean? In the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, individuals with T2DM had threefold higher odds of having low skeletal muscle mass relative to weight compared with non-diabetic controls after adjusting for multiple confounders
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What does this following statment
Sarcopenic Obesity Study, individuals with T2DM had
threefold higher odds of having low skeletal muscle mass
relative to weight compared with non-diabetic controls
after adjusting for multiple confounders
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Solved in 2 steps
- In a study of 420,088 cell phone users, 131 subjects developed cancer of the brain or nervous system. Test the claim of a somewhat common belief that such cancers are affected by cell phone use. That is, test the claim that cell phone users develop cancer of the brain or nervous system at a rate that is different from the rate of 0.0340% for people who do not use cell phones. Because this issue has such great importance, use a 0.005 significance level. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method and the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution. Which of the following is the hypothesis test to be conducted? O A. Ho: p0.00034 H1:p=0.00034 H: p0.00034 O F. Ho: p= 0.00034 H,: p#0.00034 What is the test statistic? (Round to two decimal places as needed.) What is the P-value? P-value = (Round to four decimal places…What is your z-test statistic?In the past 10 years, the prevalence of peanut allergies has doubled in Western countries. Is consumption or avoidance of peanuts in infants related to the development of peanut allergies in infants at risk? Subjects included infants between four and 11 months with severe eczema, egg allergy, or both but who did not display a preexisting sensitivity to peanuts based on a skin-prick test. The infants were randomly assigned to either a treatment that avoided consuming peanut protein or a treatment in which at least 6 grams of peanut protein were consumed per week. The response was the presence or absence of peanut allergy at 60 months of age. In the avoidance group containing 263 infants, 36 had developed a peanut allergy at 60 months of age, while in the consumption group containing 266 infants, five had developed a peanut allergy. George Du Toit et al., "Randomized trial of peanut consumption in infants at risk for peanut allergy," New England Journal of Medicine, 372 (2015), pp.…
- Calculate an odds ratio A group of teens ages 13-17 with anxiety were chosen as cases in a case-control study. A second group of teens ages 13-17 without anxiety were chosen as controls for the same study. The researchers were investigating if attention deficient and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a potential risk factor (exposure) for anxiety (outcome). The medical histories of cases and controls were examined to determine if participants had been diagnosed with ADHD between ages 8 and 10. Among cases (teens with anxiety), 77 had been diagnosed with ADHD between ages 8 and 10 and 34 had not been diagnosed with ADHD between ages 8 and 10. Among controls (teens without anxiety), 18 had been diagnosed with ADHD between ages 8 and 10 and 124 had not been diagnosed with ADHD between ages 8 and 10. Calculate the odds ratio to measure the association between being ADHD and anxiety in teens. Express your answer to the nearest tenth or 1 place past the decimal (example: 15.4).Teenagers who do not sleep well or long enough may have a higher risk of raised blood pressure, which could lead to cardiovascular disease later in life. The odds of raised blood pressure increase 3.5 times for those who have trouble falling asleep at night or who wake up too early and 2.5 times for those with sleeping periods of fewer than 6.5 hours. A health psychologist is interested in studying teenagers who have diastolic blood pressure scores in the top 20%. Diastolic blood pressure scores for teenagers follow a normal distribution with μ = 72 and σ = 10. Use the Distributions tool to help answer the questions that follow. The minimum z-score necessary to be in the top 20% of the diastolic blood pressure distribution is z =0.842 . Use this z-score to determine X, the corresponding diastolic blood pressure score. X = 80.42 This score, X, is the 80th percentile of diastolic blood pressure scores among teenagers. The percentile rank of this score is 80%…A small pilot study is run to compare a new drug for chronic pain to one that is currently available. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either the new drug or the currently available drug and to report improvement in pain on a 5-point ordinal scare: 1= pain is much worse,2=pain is slightly worse,3=no change,4=pain improved slightly,5= pain much improved.Is there a significance difference in self reported improvement in pain? Use the Mann-Whitney U test with a 5% level of significance. New Drug: 4 5 3 3 4 2 Standard Drug: 2 3 4 1 2 3
- In a study of 420,056 cell phone users, 100 subjects developed cancer of the brain or nervous system. Test the claim of a somewhat common belief that such cancers are affected by cell phone use. That is, test the claim that cell phone users develop cancer of the brain or nervous system at a rate that is different from the rate of 0.0340% for people who do not use cell phones. Because this issue has such great importance, use a 0.005 significance level. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method and the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution.Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.Researchers examine the association between the fluoridation of water and the prevention of tooth decay by comparing the prevalence of tooth decay in countries that have fluoridated water with the prevalence in countries that do not. Is this a randomized experiment or an observational study? Assume that tooth decay was seen to be less common in countries with fluoridated water. Could this result be due to confounding?
- For an ANOVA comparing three treatment conditions, what is stated by the null hypothesis (HO)? Question 1 options: There are no differences between any of the population means. At least one of the three population means is different from another mean. All three of the population means are different from each other. None of the other choices is correct.You are conducting a study of three types of feed supplements for cattle to test their effectiveness in producing weight gain among calves whose feed includes one of the supplements. You have four groups of 30 calves (one is a control group receiving the usual feed, but no supplement). You will conduct a one-way ANOVA after one year to see if there are difference in the mean weight for the four groups. If SSbetween = 369.3 and SStotal = 945.1 for this data. Identify the SSwithinA team of epidemiologists at the Mayo Clinic wanted to find whether there is an association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). They conducted a prospective cohort study following obese and non-obese individuals who were free of CVD at the beginning of study for five years. The investigators were also interested in assessing age as a potential confounder, effect modifier, or both. Use the data below to answer the accompanying questions. CVD No CVD Total Obese 10 90 100 Not Obese 35 465 500 Total 45 555 600 CVD No CVD Total Obese 36 164 200 Not Obese 25 175 200 Total 61 339 400 1. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were less than age 50. 2. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were older or equal to age 50. 3. Compute the crude measure of association? 4. List three attributes that age must satisfy before it could…
