What condition is shown in the diagram? Explain how the body regulate this process.

Q: Define intracellular mediator

A: Cell is a basic structural and functional unit of a living system. All living organisms are either…

Q: In certain diseases, such as kidney failure, the Na+ concentration in thebody’s extracellular fluid…

A: Kidneys are vital for maintaining the balance of nutrients and minerals in the blood plasma. Renal…

Q: Describe physiological modification of set points

A: The physiological value of any parameter that falls within the normal range is known as a set point.…

Q: Define P wave

A: Heart waves are signs of consequent relaxation and contraction. These waves are studied using an…

Q: Correct the following false statement: "Any cell that has the acetylcholine receptor will have the…

A: The given statement is FALSE. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter. There are two major classes of…

Q: Sodium, chloride, and potassium ions are involved in setting up voltages across neuronal membranes.…

A: The voltage difference between an intracellular space and the extracellular space is known as a…

Q: Define neuropeptide

A: A peptide can be defined as a very small chain of amino acids. These amino acids are linked with…

Q: Explain how a nervous impulse is transmitted along the axon of a nerve cell, including the…

A: An impulse refers to the electrical signal or action potential that travels along the axon of a…

Q: List two afferent pathways controlling the vasopressin secreting hypothalamic cells?

A: Vasopressin is a peptide hormone known to  be secreted from the posterior pituitary gland in…

Q: Describe the formation of myelin sheath in 8-10 sentences, 100 words minimum.

A: The nervous system is involved in transmission of electrical impulses throughout the body. Neurons…

Q: with the motor neuron, explain how an action potential

A: The nervous system generates a signal resulting in starting of muscle contraction. This signal…

Q: What happens across the membrane of an electricallyactive cell is a dynamic process that is hard to…

A: Neurons are responsible for the electromagnetic conduction of the signals in the form of stimulus.…

Q: Neuronal control of macrophage function in acute disease like septic shock in mice involves each of…

A: The correct option is - vagal signals are transmitted via acetylcholine that binds alpha 7 nicotinic…

Q: When the body becomes dehydrated, the posterior pituitary gland secretes  vasopressin which signals…

A: Vassopressin is mainly secreted when there is need to conserve water and is responsible for the…

Q: Describe the events that must occur to generate an AP. Relate the sequence of changes in…

A: The action potential is a quick increase and succeeding fall in membrane potential or voltage across…

Q: The figure below may help in answering some of the questions. 1. What ions are flowing (and in which…

A: The neurons are the cells of nervous system that is responsible for generation and transmission of…

Q: Give Reference Table of Important Second Messengers?

A: Second messengers are signaling molecules present within the cells that are released when the cell…

Q: In the preparation of sauces that involve mixing water and melted butter, egg yolks are added to…

A: Emulsification is the process of dispersing two or more immiscible liquids together to form a…

Q: What is the process of how homeostasis involving ADH works when there is an increased osmotic…

A: Osmoregulation refers to the maintenance of blood osmolarity. Osmolarity depicts the concentration…

Q: Compare and contrast the nervous and endocrine system as to their coordination and control of the…

A: We’re going to see at two super imperative frameworks in our bodies: the nervous framework and the…

Q: Define the following terms:a. mitogenb. phorbol esterc. entericd. SUAe. endocrine

A: Step 1 Hello. Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first…

Q: Define the circadian rhythm. Under what conditions do circadian rhythms become free running?

A: Circadian rhythm is commonly known as the sleep-wake cycle of an organism. This cycle will repeat…

Q: describe what the resting membrane potential of a cell is. What is the resting membrane potential of…

A: Resting membrane potential occurs because of changes in permeability of membrane for…

Q: explain the mechanism of vesicular traffic

A: Vesicular transport is the main mechanism for exchange of proteins and lipids between membrane-bound…

Q: Name a drug for treatment for overactive bladder syndrome which does not target the muscarinic M3…

A: Overactive Bladder Syndrome or OAB is a medical condition in which the ability of the urinary…

Q: Hyponatremia is a dangerous condition that arises when your body's sodium concentration drops to…

A: Hyponatremia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. Sodium is an…

Q: Explain "integrins can convert mechanical signals into intracellular molecular signals" is true or…

A: Mechanotransduction is the process by which mechanical signals are transformed into biochemical or…

Q: What sensory receptors are responsible for activatingneural and hormonal mechanisms that…

A: Extracellular fluid is one of many types of fluids present outside of the cell of an organism.…

Q: 13) Draw a graph representing the changes in membrane potential across the axonal membrane before,…

A: The electric signals that flow down the dendrites to form a nerve impulse or an action potential are…

Q: Predict the effect of a decrease in the extracellular concentration of Ca2+on the resting membrane…

A: The resting membrane potential occurs due to the change in the membrane permeability for calcium,…

Q: Define first messenger

A: Messengers are small molecules or ions which can be either intracellular or extracellular and are…

Q: Contrast inhibition of excitation at the NMJ by curare & tetrodotoxin.  Focusing on the mechanisms…

A: The neuromuscular junction is referred to as a synaptic connection found between the terminal end of…

Q: 21. During the generation of an action potential in a nerve cell axon, the depolarization of the…

A: The neurons are the conducting cells in the nervous system that are responsible for generation and…

Q: If all the stem cells were removed from a holocrine gland, what effect will this have on long term…

A: The holocrine glands are referred to as glands having holocrine secretion. Holocrine secretion is a…

Q: For each phase, again, name the phase. Then draw in the figures below: Na+ and K+ channels. Draw…

A: Active transporters or channels transport ions against the concentration gradient. The resting…